Browsing by Subject "Self-efficacy"
Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item A Correlational Study Of The Relationships Between Implicit Theories Of Intelligence, Perceived Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulated Learning, And Academic Achievement Of Undergraduate Students At An Hbcu(2017) Spicer, Margaret; McKay, Sylvester E.; Advanced Studies, Leadership, and Policy; Doctor of PhilosophyThe purpose of this study was to explore possible relationships between the implicit theories of intelligence, self-efficacy, self-regulated learning, and academic achievement of undergraduate students enrolled at an HBCU in a mid-Atlantic state. Three instruments were used in this study: (a) the Implicit Theory of Intelligence Scale (TOI), (b) the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (GPSS), and (c) the Self-Regulated Learning Inventory (SRLI). Academic achievement was measured using the students' GPA as calculated by the institution of higher education. The results showed that the full regression model was not a good fit for predicting GPA. However, the study did identify a significant relationship between the three independent variables: implicit theories of intelligence, self-efficacy, and self-regulated learning. In addition, The TOI Entity Subscore was predictive of GPA.Item A/H1N1 vaccine intentions in college students: An application of the theory of planned behavior(2014-04-29) Agarwal, VinitaObjective: To test the applicability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in college students who have not previously received the A/H1N1 vaccine. Participants: Undergraduate communication students at a metropolitan southern university. Methods: In JanuaryāMarch 2010, students from voluntarily participating communication classes completed a hard-copy survey assessing TPB and clinically significant constructs. Hierarchical regression equations predicted variance in vaccine intentions of students who had not received a flu shot (N = 198, 70% Caucasian). Results: The TPB model explained 51.7% (p < .001) of variance in vaccine intentions. Controlling for side effects, self-efficacy and perceived comparative susceptibility predicted intentions when entered in the first block, while attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly contribute when entered in the second block. Conclusions: For students who have not previously received a flu vaccine, vaccine communication should utilize self-efficacy and perceived comparative susceptibility to employ the TPB to promote vaccine intentions.Item Engineering State of Mind Instrument: A tool for Self-Assessment(2020-01-20) Gurganus, Jamie Rebecca; Topoleski, L.D. Timmie; Eggleton, Charles; Eggleton, Charles; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering, MechanicalStudents in their first and second year in an engineering major often experience an internal struggle. They wonder if they are meant to be an engineer and if they will be successful in their program, even if they are in good academic standing. Sometimes students seek advice from an advisor, peer, or mentor, and often they do nothing at all. This has shown to unfortunately cause students to switch or leave the STEM field all together. To contribute to improving retention and increase the likelihood of success for students in engineering programs, an instrument was developed that would allow students to self-assess their ?Engineering State of Mind,? and then provide them with intervention recommendations based on their assessment. This Engineering State of Mind Instrument (ESMI) was developed from validated surveys and includes a student'sattitudes, perceptions, and self-efficacy toward engineering. The Social Cognitive Career theory was used as the framework in the development of the ESMI. To assess the instrument, juniors and seniors, and freshmen in the college'sfirst year engineering course (Engineering 101 with ~280 students) were evaluated. Engineering 101 is a required course and exposes the students to all of the engineering disciplines offered at UMBC (mechanical, computer, and chemical engineering). To assess the impact of the instrument, discussion sections in Engineering 101 were divided into four experimental groups, each receiving a different treatment to compare potential effects of the ESMI and subsequent interventions. Students who received the ESMI at the beginning and end of the semester and had interventions, displayed improvement in all variables. The students who didn?t participate in the ESMI at the beginning or have interventions showed some or no improvement at all. These results were consistent across gender, ethnicity, and/or program affiliations. A follow-up impact survey supported these results, reiterating the benefit from and need for an engineering self-assessing instrument.Item Exercise Self-Efficacy And Perceived Wellness In Community College Students(2015) Martin, Caryn Sue; Linck, Henry F.; Parsons, Michael H.; Community College Leadership Program; Doctor of EducationContemporary community colleges are challenged to provide comprehensive services to diverse student populations. Research has shown that college students in general, and community college students in particular, have poor health habits. With the diversity of community college students and the increased focus on personal wellness, relevant information is required to develop curricula designed to address students' wellness and exercise needs. Not only is information about community college students' perceived wellness scarce, but it is unclear from prior research in four-year college populations whether demographic variables may predict perceived wellness and exercise self-efficacy in community college students. The construct of social position such as gender, age, student status and relationship status has unique stressors which may impact individual perceptions of exercise self-efficacy and perceived wellness. The purpose of this study was to investigate exercise self-efficacy and perceived wellness among community college students. It examined the extent to which demographic variables interact with Exercise Self-Efficacy and the two subscales of Making time for it and Sticking to it, and Total Perceived Wellness, and the six dimensions of wellness (psychological, physical, social, spiritual, intellectual and emotional). Surveying a sample of 461 students in basic health and wellness courses in a Mid-Atlantic community college, the quantitative design collected data from two measures, the perceived wellness survey and the self-efficacy and exercise habits survey, plus demographic questions. Findings from this study revealed that total exercise self-efficacy does not predict total perceived wellness; however exercise self-efficacy in the dimension of sticking to it, was significant (p=<.05) to the important outcome of total perceived wellness. Demographic variables were shown to be significant in predicting higher levels of wellness using the subscales from the questionnaires. When specific demographic variables were split within the six dimensions of wellness, predictive relationships were identified between exercise self-efficacy and perceived wellness. This research provides evidence that gender, age, student status, and relationship status are statistically significant to higher levels of perceived wellness.Item EXERCISE-INDUCED HYPOALGESIA: BRIEF SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE, ACUTE COLD PRESSOR PAIN, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDIATORS IN YOUNG ADULTS(2016-01-01) Foxen-Craft, Emily; Dahlquist, Lynnda; Psychology; PsychologyExercise-induced hypoalgesia, or the inhibition of pain following physical exercise, has been demonstrated widely among adult samples, but its mechanisms have remained unclear due to lack of research in certain modalities of exercise and pain, psychological mediators, and replication over time. This study aimed to extend findings of exercise-induced hypoalgesia by refining methodology using brief submaximal isometric exercise and cold pressor pain, including measures of hypothesized mediating mechanisms, and replicating methods at a 2-week follow-up. Undergraduate participants recruited from UMBC (n = 134) completed a baseline pain tolerance assessment, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) assessment, rest, a 2-minute handgrip exercise at 25% MVC, self-efficacy and current affect self-report questionnaires, and a pain tolerance posttest. A control group completed all procedures with the exception of a sham exercise (in which no force was exerted) instead of the 25% MVC exercise. A subsample of the participants (n = 34) returned for a 2-week follow-up replication of procedures. Mixed method ANOVAs were used for data analyses. Cold pressor pain tolerance scores significantly increased for those in the exercise condition, but pain intensity and pain unpleasantness ratings did not significantly decrease for those in the exercise condition. Sex did not significantly moderate the exercise-induced hypoalgesic effect. The partial mediation of the relation between exercise and change in pain tolerance by self-efficacy was not supported. These effects remained consistent at a 2-week follow-up. These findings suggest that submaximal isometric exercise has an inconsistent analgesic effect on cold pressor pain, and is not moderated by sex and nor mediated by self-efficacy and positive affect. Further research should be conducted before the inclusion of brief sub-maximal exercise in acute pain management programs.Item Influence of a Leadership Coach Community: New School Leaders' Self Efficacy Perspectives(2022-12-12) Myers, Karine; Cuddapah, Jennifer; Hood College Department of Education; Doctor of Organizational LeadershipThe role of the school principal continues to increase in complexity and challenge. Administrators are expected to have a significant impact on student achievement and absenteeism in addition to teacher satisfaction and retention. Yet, half of principals have less than five or fewer years of leadership experience. High-quality, personalized professional learning, such as leadership coaching, is essential to support principals in their development to ensure effective schools and student success. This qualitative action research study aimed to understand the influence of a leadership coaching community of practice on new school administrators' perceptions of self-efficacy. It examined participants' recommendations and feedback for possible programmatic improvements and adjustments. Twelve leadership coaching participants from a K-12 mid-sized, mid-Atlantic school system completed two semi-structured interviews, one at mid-intervention and the other at the end of the intervention. Six participants completed and submitted pre and post self-efficacy scales, and four principal supervisors completed an end- of-intervention survey. Researcher logs and memos served as an additional data source. Coded data identified patterns and themes for coaches, coachees, and the leadership coaching program. The study found that coachees experienced increased self-efficacy, valued trusted relationships and collegial collaboration, and felt supported in their transition to their new principalship role. Participants felt the program was mutually beneficial for the coach and coachee. Findings indicate that the program provided valuable support and should be continued. The participants recommended the program expand beyond the school-based administrator role to serve and support other leaders within the school system as they acclimate to new roles. Results provide insight for other school systems seeking to design or implement a similar leadership coaching program to influence leadership self-efficacy both for coaches and coachees .Item Symptom management protocol and hospice nurse educational intervention improves management of exacerbated symptoms(2018-05-08) Hayman, Holly Beth; Nursing; Doctor of Nursing PracticeProblem Statement: Hospice nurses are responsible for managing patient exacerbated symptoms, although research has shown that symptom management at end of life is deficient. The symptom management protocol (SMP) utilized by a rural hospice organization is not sufficient, causing nurses to struggle with the management and documentation of exacerbated symptoms. Purpose: The purpose of this DNP project was to determine if a revised SMP and related educational intervention will increase hospice nurse self-efficacy, and subsequent improvement in documentation, and follow-up care. Methods: Self-efficacy of the nurses related to the SMP was measured using a Palliative Care Self-Efficacy Scale and retrospective medical record chart audits comparing three months pre- and post-implementation documentation of patient symptom management provided by hospice nurses. Results: SMP implementation did demonstrate an increase in nurse self-efficacy related to symptom management over the three-month timeframe. Run Charts revealed an initial increase in nurse documentation of symptom management and follow-up; however, there was decline during the last month of the post-SMP implementation phase, indicating the necessity of ongoing protocol education. Significance: Adequate symptom management by hospice nurses leads to improved patient outcomes and quality of life, and adequate documentation of exacerbated symptoms will ensure the hospice organization will meet regulatory standards.Item The Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors And Weight Status Among African American Adolescents(2010) Lathan, Monica JaTonya; Bronner, Yvonne L.; Public Health and Policy; Doctor of Public HealthStigma, self-esteem and self-efficacy, under-investigated psychosocial factors, may be used to combat the overweight and obesity epidemic among African American adolescents (AA). Literature that examines psychosocial factors and weight status typically focuses on girls. Omitting examinations of these factors in males thwarts overall understanding of the relationship between psychosocial factors and weight status. The aims of the research are to determine the relationship between psychosocial factors and weight status among AA adolescents and identify gender differences. A convenience sample of 190 AA (average age 16 years) high school juniors was used for this investigation. Students were asked to complete surveys on stigma (teasing), self-esteem, and self-efficacy. Covariate, lifestyle factors of smoking and team sports participation were also considered. Weight status was represented by BMI for age, using CDC guidelines, computed from self-reported heights and weights. Cross-tabulations and multiple logistic regression analyses evaluated unadjusted and adjusted relationships between these variables and weight status. There was a 45% response rate. The average BMI for age placed the study sample in the 68th percentile. Over half of the sample participated in team sports and only 4% were smokers. Self esteem and self efficacy were not found to be significantly associated with weight status. Stigma (teasing) and weight status were significantly correlated (p<.05). After adjusting for gender and lifestyle factors, the odds of being above normal weight were 4 times greater for those reporting high levels of teasing (O.R. = 3.98; 95%CI=1.6- 9.9, p=0.003). Teasing and reported weight status among AA females was significantly associated (OR=7.11, CI =2.08, 24.30). Future longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to further clarify and explicate the potential influence that psychosocial factors may have on curbing the obesity epidemic among AA adolescents.