Browsing by Subject "poverty"
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Item An Analysis of the Effectiveness of HUD Assisted Housing in its Mission to Decrease Wealth Disparities(2022-04-24) Rowles, Ashlee; Tucker-Worgs, Tamelyn; Hood College Department of Political Science; Hood College Departmental HonorsThis research project is focused on the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher and its effectiveness through both a political approach and an economic context. The Housing Choice Voucher Program comes most usually in two forms, one being a housing voucher participants used to find affordable housing in the private market, and the other form being public housing projects which are low-cost residential neighborhoods funded by the policy and located within housing authorities. Both are federally funded yet locally managed initiatives that provide low rent affordable housing for residents who qualify. Ideally, this “safety net” catches families unable to afford market rate rental housing or mortgages, giving them opportunities for economic upward mobility. My research shows that when using a multidimensional approach that includes wraparound services, Section 8 housing assistance can create a truly transformative experience for program participates. My research project employs case study analysis to understand why particular section 8 initiatives utilize this multi-dimensional approach to better support their residents, and why others solely offer the reduction of housing costs without any other accompanying support. The difference between these processes of tackling poverty has a different impact, and the limitations of some section 8 initiatives result in less effective support for their residents, overall community, and their own mission of aiding participants to become self-sufficient. With this disparity of support and aid, this research project will focus on what jurisdictions within six different locally managed Section 8 programs are most commonly accompanying this more supportive and impactful iteration of the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program to better understand possible inequalities within the service of this policy.Item Common sense approach to affordable housing needed(Press Citizen, 2015-06-23) Scott, Sally J.Item The Effect of Evidence Based Interventions on the Achievement of Middle School Students Living in Poverty(2018-07) Redmond, Nicole; Rhoades, Thomas; Waynant, Louise; Beard, Kay; Masters of EducationThe purpose of this study was to determine whether or not evidence-based one-on-one supports affect the academic achievement of students living in poverty. The measurement tool was a series of teacher-created comprehension quizzes given at intervals during novel units in the language arts classroom. During this study, students categorized as living in poverty were provided with one-on-one support and interventions in the classroom. Students’ quiz scores were assessed and compared to scores students achieved prior to the implementation of the study to determine whether or not achievement was impacted by the interventions provided. The results of the study indicated that several students improved academically, but there were fluctuations in their improvement over time. The results were not conclusive enough to suggest that there is a direct correlation between one-on-one interventions and the academic performance of students living in poverty.Item The Effect of Skillstreaming Intervention on First Grade Students from Low-Income Families(2017-07-14) Barnes, Jennifer; Masters of EducationThe purpose of this pre-experimental one group pre-test, post-test design study was to determine the impact of using four selected lessons from the Skillstreaming curriculum once a week in a first grade classroom of 16 students from a low income area. The researcher awarded points to students on the internet based classroom wide point system, Class Dojo, for respectful behaviors and took away points for aggressive behaviors. The mean number of unkind behaviors per student during the intervention (Mean = 4.86, SD = 5.54) was significantly lower than the mean number of unkind behaviors per student during the weighted baseline (Mean = 12.27, SD=13.03) [t (12) = 2.57, p = .03].The mean number of respectful behaviors per student (Mean = 5.65, SD = 2.94) during the intervention period was significantly higher than the mean number of respectful behaviors per student during the weighted baseline period (Mean = 2.82, SD = 2.84) [t (12) = 5.30, p < .001]. Results suggest that this is a valuable social skills intervention for children living in low income areas. Further research should be conducted incorporating the Skillstreaming curriculum for a longer time-period and on a more school-wide basis.Item Examining the Impact of Social Support Accessibility on Frederick County K-12 Students(2019-04) Schwagerl, Erin; Calo, Kristine; Education; Departmental HonorsThis research examines influential accessibility factors, including geography, process complexity, and educational attainment, that affect the procurement of social supports by households that care for low-income children in Frederick County, Maryland. Presently, the positive impacts of social supports in Frederick County are significantly diminished by barriers to social support accessibility. Geography and other accessibility factors affect not only the process of qualifying for aid but also the ability to make use of the resulting provisions. Furthermore, the current approach to poverty measurement overlooks a substantial population of Frederick County children in need. This paper reviews the consequences of unmet need in Frederick County pertaining to food insecurity, child homelessness, inadequate access to reliable transportation, and mental and behavioral health problems (including substance abuse). These consequences are cyclical, impacting K-12 children well into adulthood. When one area of need remains unmet, the burden may extend into that child’s ability to succeed in school and results in lifelong repercussions including teen pregnancy, dropping out of school, incarceration, lower future earning potential, and unemployment. Also explored are the benefits of more fully meeting the needs of low- income households with children. Lastly, possible actions to increase the positive influence of social supports by mitigating the most significant identified barriers to fully accessing social supports are investigated. After critically examining the current system of eligibility determination and recognizing the inadequacies of this present system, the conclusion is clear that a new method of eligibility determination must be embraced to effectively support Frederick County children in need.Item Is Coralville balancing growth?(Press Citizen, 2015-09-15) Scott, SallyItem Self-employment and labour market dynamics of men and women in El Salvador and Nicaragua(United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2019-12) Alaniz, Enrique; Espino, Alma; Gindling, T.H.We study the labour market dynamics of men and women in El Salvador and Nicaragua, focusing on the factors that help men and women move into an advantageous labour market state from an unfavourable state. We consider ‘advantageous’ states to be formal salaried employees and self-employed workers with a decent income or a successful and growing firm. Among our findings are that education and access to public services such as utilities promote transitions into advantageous states.Item Trump's white male supporters may lose their food stamps(Salon.com, LLC, 2018-12-29) Watkins, Dwight; Communications Design; Communications DesignTo "encourage productivity instead of poverty," Ag Secretary Sonny Perdue has just cut food stamps to Trump's base