Browsing by Type "chapters postprints"
Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Academic Socialization in the Homes of Black and Latino Preschool Children: Research Findings and Future Directions(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Baker, Linda; DeWyngaert, Laura; Sonnenschein, Susan; Sawyer, Brook E.This chapter provides an overview of what is known about how Black and Latino families prepare their young children for school and what remains to be understood. It provides a synthesis of research presented in this volume, with particular attention to the theoretical and methodological dimensions of the research and the family strengths emphasized across chapters. Directions for future research compatible with a strengths perspective are discussed. These include additional descriptive research with families of color from an inter sectional perspective, intervention research based on family strengths and cultural values, and development of culturally-appropriate measurement tools. Implications for practice are also discussed, with a focus on connections between families and schools.Item Agent Communication in DAML World(2003-01-01) Zou, Youyong; Finin, Tim; Peng, Yun; Joshi, Anupam; Cost, ScottThe Darpa Agent Markup Language (DAML) is the newest effort for Semantic Web. It can be used to create ontologies and markup information resource like web pages. The information resource can be read by human and understood by agent programs. We believed DAML could be used to markup agent communication content and promote knowledge sharing and exchanging between agents. This paper also suggested an alternative model to connect web and agent together. We defined the necessary ontologies for agent communication in DAML language and described the agent communication scenario occurred in the ITTalks Project.Item Concerted Cultivation Among Low-Income Black and Latino Families(Springer Nature Switzerland AG., 2018-12-11) Sonnenschein, Susan; Metzger, Shari R.; Gay, BrittanyThis chapter examines low-income Black and Latino parents’ beliefs and practices about providing an educationally rich environment for their children. More specifically, it focuses on what parents believe about how their preschool children learn, their role in such learning, and the reading and math activities they make available to their children. Using a mixed-methods approach, we found that both Black and Latino parents expressed beliefs consistent with Lareau’s (2003) notion of concerted cultivation by engaging in educational activities with their children and purposefully providing educational materials for them. In addition, there were no significant differences between Black and Latino parents in the approaches they chose to foster their children’s reading and math skills. Future research can utilize the findings from this study to help promote the academic success of low-income children by building upon the beliefs of Black and Latino parents and the activities that they endorse.Item The Contributions of Robert Fogel to Cliometrics(Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 2018-10-27) Mitch, DavidRobert Fogel was one of the earliest and most forceful advocates for the use of quantitative methods and economic theory in the study of economic history and long-term economic change. He demonstrated through his work on the economic impact of the railroads and the economic history of US slavery that the cliometric approach had the potential to challenge and overturn long-standing views based on narrative approaches to economic history. The volume he edited with Stanley Engerman, The Reinterpretation of American Economic History, published in 1971 provided an early manifestation to economists and historians alike of the wide range of applications the cliometric approach could offer to various fields of economic history. Throughout his career, Fogel advocated for the cliometric approach to history more generally, not just to economic history. His contributions were recognized when he was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics with Douglass North in 1993. In the subsequent 20 years until his death in 2013, Fogel pursued an interdisciplinary research project focused on long-run changes in the interaction between technological advance, nutrition, human health, and mortality culminating in The Changing Body (co-authored with Roderick Floud, Bernard Harris, and Sok Chul Hong).Item George Stigler’s Career Moves: The Roles of Contingency, Self-Interest, Ideology, and Intellectual Commitment(Springer Nature, 2020-05-23) Mitch, DavidGeorge Stigler is commonly seen as one of the central figures in such a Chicago School of Economics. However, he did not actually take a faculty position at the University of Chicago until the age of 47. This essay will provide a narrative account of George Stigler’s various career transitions from graduate school through his “retirement.” This narrative structure will employed to bring out what archival material implies about a number of general themes regarding Stigler’s career. Particular attention will be devoted to the 1946 episode in which Chicago failed to make him an offer and the 1957-8 episode in which W. Allen Wallis successfully induced to him take over the Walgreen Foundation and Walgreen Professorship. A first theme considered concerns the role of contingency in Stigler’s academic appointments. A second theme concerns the intellectual diversity of the academic milieus in which Stigler operated counter to the conventional view of a monolithic free market focused Chicago school. A third theme concerns the extent to which Stigler was a partisan or a scientist in his academic endeavors and whether he viewed the economics profession as more swayed by the social environment of its times or whether it made independent scientific and intellectual contributions to social policy. A final theme will concern the extent to which Stigler as Nik-Kah has suggested was an empire builder, especially during his tenure as Walgreen Professor of American Institutions and then in establishing the Center for the Study of the Economy and the State. Brief consideration is also given to the issue of how to reconcile these contrasting if not conflicting features of Stigler’s career.Item ‘Hand & Soul’: The Fin de Siècle Sociopoetics of Way & Williams and the Auvergne Press(Springer Nature, 2021-01-05) Saper, CraigThis chapter looks at two small presses in Chicago in the late nineteenth century in terms of how their organizational infrastructure impacted the aesthetics and literary qualities of the books published. Way & Williams and the Auvergne Press became international forums for authors, artists and designers. The working methods of these publishers influenced modernist aesthetics in ways not always fully recognized as they implicitly proposed a radical libertine alternative to stiff-collared media empires of the time. This chapter sets out the contexts, methods and practices of two historical small presses that have not yet been covered by work on the modernist small press but which have significant implications for the practice and analysis of today’s small presses.Item The Paradox of China’s Sustainability(Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2019-08-06) Tong, Christopher K.If a civilization thrives by modifying, exploiting, and damaging its environment—and has done so for several millennia—does it make sense to call it a “sustainable” one? With its claims to be one of the oldest civilizations in world history and a rising superpower in the twenty-first century, China is a paradoxical case. Not only are China’s aspirations for sustainable development at odds with its current status as one of the world’s worst polluters, but the expansion of Chinese-style settlements and croplands has historically been a major driver of environmental transformation and degradation on the eastern Eurasian landmass. As China’s environment continues to be altered in the twenty-first century, “ecological civilization” (shengtai wenming) has emerged as an ideological framework for the type of sustainable development that China’s political leadership envisions for the country. Incorporated into the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China in 2018, “ecological civilization” is the newest among five guiding principles for China’s development in the post-Mao era. To address the potentialities of China’s "ecological civilization," we should first recognize the paradoxical nature of Chinese interactions with the environment. This chapter offers a critical survey of key positions on China’s history, culture, and environment to illuminate what scholars perceive to be the paradox of China’s sustainability.Item Using Colored Petri Nets for Conversation Modeling(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000-09-01) Cost, R. Scott; Chen, Ye; Finin, Tim; Labrou, Yannis; Peng, YunConversations are a useful means of structuring communicative interactions among agents. The value of a conversation-based approach is largely determined by the conversational model it uses. Finite State Machines, used heavily to date for this purpose, are not sufficient for complex agent interactions requiring a notion of concurrency. We propose the use of Colored Petri Nets as a model underlying a language for conversation specification. This carries the relative simplicity and graphical representation of the former approach, along with greater expressive power and support for concurrency. The construction of such a language, Protolingua, is currently being investigated within the framework of the Jackal agent development environment. In this paper, we explore the use of Colored Petri Nets in modeling agent communicative interaction.