Atmospheric Correction of Satellite Ocean-Color Imagery During the PACE Era

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dc.contributor.authorFrouin, Robert J.
dc.contributor.authorFranz, Bryan A.
dc.contributor.authorIbrahim, Amir
dc.contributor.authorKnobelspiesse, Kirk
dc.contributor.authorRemer, Lorraine
dc.contributor.authorZhai, Peng-Wang
dc.contributor.authoret al
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-18T14:30:11Z
dc.date.available2019-10-18T14:30:11Z
dc.date.issued2019-07-26
dc.descriptionAuthors: Robert J. Frouin, Bryan A. Franz, Amir Ibrahim, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Ziauddin Ahmad, Brian Cairns, Jacek Chowdhary, Heidi M. Dierssen, Jing Tan, Oleg Dubovik, Xin Huang, Anthony B. Davis, Olga Kalashnikova, David R. Thompson, Lorraine A. Remer, Emmanuel Boss, Odele Coddington, Pierre-Yves Deschamps, Bo-Cai Gao, Lydwine Gross, Otto Hasekamp, Ali Omar, Bruno Pelletier, Didier Ramon, François Steinmetz and Peng-Wang Zhai
dc.description.abstractThe Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission will carry into space the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI), a spectrometer measuring at 5 nm spectral resolution in the ultraviolet (UV) to near infrared (NIR) with additional spectral bands in the shortwave infrared (SWIR), and two multi-angle polarimeters that will overlap the OCI spectral range and spatial coverage, i. e., the Spectrometer for Planetary Exploration (SPEXone) and the Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (HARP2). These instruments, especially when used in synergy, have great potential for improving estimates of water reflectance in the post Earth Observing System (EOS) era. Extending the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) observations to the UV, where aerosol absorption is effective, adding spectral bands in the SWIR, where even the most turbid waters are black and sensitivity to the aerosol coarse mode is higher than at shorter wavelengths, and measuring in the oxygen A-band to estimate aerosol altitude will enable greater accuracy in atmospheric correction for ocean color science. The multi-angular and polarized measurements, sensitive to aerosol properties (e.g., size distribution, index of refraction), can further help to identify or constrain the aerosol model, or to retrieve directly water reflectance. Algorithms that exploit the new capabilities are presented, and their ability to improve accuracy is discussed. They embrace a modern, adapted heritage two-step algorithm and alternative schemes (deterministic, statistical) that aim at inverting the TOA signal in a single step. These schemes, by the nature of their construction, their robustness, their generalization properties, and their ability to associate uncertainties, are expected to become the new standard in the future. A strategy for atmospheric correction is presented that ensures continuity and consistency with past and present ocean-color missions while enabling full exploitation of the new dimensions and possibilities. Despite the major improvements anticipated with the PACE instruments, gaps/issues remain to be filled/tackled. They include dealing properly with whitecaps, taking into account Earth-curvature effects, correcting for adjacency effects, accounting for the coupling between scattering and absorption, modeling accurately water reflectance, and acquiring a sufficiently representative dataset of water reflectance in the UV to SWIR. Dedicated efforts, experimental and theoretical, are in order to gather the necessary information and rectify inadequacies. Ideas and solutions are put forward to address the unresolved issues. Thanks to its design and characteristics, the PACE mission will mark the beginning of a new era of unprecedented accuracy in ocean-color radiometry from space.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program, managed by Dr. Paula Bontempi, provided funding for the study under solicitation NNH13ZDA001N-PACEST.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2019.00145/fullen_US
dc.format.extent43 pagesen_US
dc.genrejournal articlesen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2q7gu-xvau
dc.identifier.citationFrouin RJ, Franz BA, Ibrahim A, Knobelspiesse K, Ahmad Z, Cairns B, Chowdhary J, Dierssen HM, Tan J, Dubovik O, Huang X, Davis AB, Kalashnikova O, Thompson DR, Remer LA, Boss E, Coddington O, Deschamps P-Y, Gao B-C, Gross L, Hasekamp O, Omar A, Pelletier B, Ramon D, Steinmetz F and Zhai P-W (2019) Atmospheric Correction of Satellite Ocean-Color Imagery During the PACE Era. Front. Earth Sci. 7:145. doi: 10.3389/feart.2019.00145en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00145
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/15907
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherFrontiersen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology (JCET)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
dc.rightsPublic Domain Mark 1.0
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
dc.titleAtmospheric Correction of Satellite Ocean-Color Imagery During the PACE Eraen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4333-533X
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-5200

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