A tangled tale of two teal: population history of the grey Anas gracilis and chestnut teal A. castanea of Australia
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Author/Creator ORCID
Date
2009-07-10
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Department
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Citation of Original Publication
Leo Joseph, Gregory J. Adcock, Celeste Linde, Kevin E. Omland, Robert Heinsohn, R. Terry Chesser, David Roshier ,A tangled tale of two teal: population history of the grey Anas gracilis and chestnut teal A. castanea of Australia , Journal of Avian Biology, Volume 40, Issue 4 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04652.x
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This work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
Abstract
Two Australian species of teal (Anseriformes: Anatidae: Anas), the grey teal Anas gracilis and the chestnut teal A. castanea, are remarkable for the zero or near‐zero divergence recorded between them in earlier surveys of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity. We confirmed this result through wider geographical and population sampling as well as nucleotide sampling in the more rapidly evolving mtDNA control region. Any data set where two species share polymorphism as is the case here can be explained by a model of gene flow through hybridization on one hand or by incomplete lineage sorting on the other hand. Ideally, analysis of such shared polymorphism would simultaneously estimate the likelihood of both phenomena. To do this, we used the underlying principle of the IMa package to explore ramifications to understanding population histories of A. gracilis and A. castanea. We cannot reject that hybridization occurs between the two species but an equally or more plausible finding for their nearly zero divergence is incomplete sorting following very recent divergence between the two, probably in the mid‐late Pleistocene. Our data add to studies that explore intermediate stages in the evolution of reciprocal monophyly and paraphyletic or polyphyletic relationships in mtDNA diversity among widespread Australian birds.