False-positives and Clinical Heterogeneity among Youth at Clinical High-risk for Psychosis: Clinical and Ethical Implications for Assessment and Treatment

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Author/Creator ORCID

Date

2018-06-15

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Citation of Original Publication

Zachary B. Millman, False-positives and Clinical Heterogeneity among Youth at Clinical High-risk for Psychosis: Clinical and Ethical Implications for Assessment and Treatment, Journal of Ethics in Mental Health, vol. 9, 2014-2016.

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Abstract

Early detection and prevention of psychosis among those showing early, attenuated manifestations has become an international initiative. Multiple ethical and clinical challenges, however, complicate these efforts. We discuss contextual considerations in the identification of psychosis-risk, the complicating role of comorbidities in clinical decision-making, and limitations to the extant psychosocial intervention literature. Factors such as clients’ life experiences, cultural background, and co-occurring psychopathology may all influence whether putative attenuated psychotic signs are considered risk factors for psychosis. Once a high-risk label is ascribed, these and other considerations influence the degree to which available interventions are appropriate for presenting concerns. We suggest that brief screening instruments may promote more accurate identification of psychosis-risk; we also contend that a modular, needs-based treatment model may begin to address the ethical and clinical concerns associated with providing early intervention to people identified as at-risk, even if psychosis is not the ultimate clinical outcome.