NuSTAR perspective on high-redshift MeV blazars

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https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab65f5
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UMBC Center for Space Sciences and Technology (CSST) / Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences & Technology II (CRSST II)
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2020-02-04

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journal articles
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Marcotulli, L.; Paliya, V.; Ajello, M.; Kaur, A.; Marchesi, S.; Rajagopal, M.; Hartmann, D.; Gasparrini, D.; Ojha, R.; Madejski, G.; NuSTAR perspective on high-redshift MeV blazars; High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena; The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 889, Number 2 (2020); https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab65f5

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Abstract

With bolometric luminosities exceeding 10⁴⁸ erg s⁻¹, powerful jets and supermassive black holes at their center, MeV blazars are some of the most extreme sources in the Universe. Recently, the Fermi-Large Area Telescope detected five new γ-ray emitting MeV blazars beyond redshift z=3.1. With the goal of precisely characterizing the jet properties of these extreme sources, we started a multiwavelength campaign to follow them up with joint NuSTAR, Swift and SARA observations. We observe six high-redshift quasars, four of them belonging to the new γ-ray emitting MeV blazars. Thorough X-ray analysis reveals spectral flattening at soft X-ray for three of these objects. The source NVSS J151002+570243 also shows a peculiar re-hardening of the X-ray spectrum at energies E>6keV. Adopting a one-zone leptonic emission model, this combination of hard X-rays and γ-rays enables us to determine the location of the Inverse Compton peak and to accurately constrain the jet characteristics. In the context of the jet-accretion disk connection, we find that all six sources have jet powers exceeding accretion disk luminosity, seemingly validating this positive correlation even beyond z>3. Our six sources are found to have 10⁹M⊙ black holes, further raising the space density of supermassive black holes in the redshift bin z=[3,4].