Negative refraction and sub-wavelength focusing in the visible range using transparent metallo-dielectric stacks

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Michael Scalora, Giuseppe D’Aguanno, Nadia Mattiucci, Mark J. Bloemer, Domenico de Ceglia, Marco Centini, Antonio Mandatori, Concita Sibilia, Neset Akozbek, Mirko G. Cappeddu, Mark Fowler, and Joseph W. Haus, "Negative refraction and sub-wavelength focusing in the visible range using transparent metallo-dielectric stacks," Opt. Express 15, 508-523 (2007), https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.15.000508

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This work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.

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Abstract

We numerically demonstrate negative refraction of the Poynting vector and sub-wavelength focusing in the visible part of the spectrum using a transparent multilayer, metallo-dielectric photonic band gap structure. Our results reveal that in the wavelength regime of interest evanescent waves are not transmitted by the structure, and that the main underlying physical mechanisms for sub-wavelength focusing are resonance tunneling, field localization, and propagation effects. These structures offer several advantages: tunability and high transmittance (50% or better) across the visible and near IR ranges; large object-image distances, with image planes located beyond the range where the evanescent waves have decayed. From a practical point of view, our findings point to a simpler way to fabricate a material that exhibits negative refraction and maintains high transparency across a broad wavelength range. Transparent metallo-dielectric stacks also provide an opportunity to expand the exploration of wave propagation phenomena in metals, both in the linear and nonlinear regimes.