Measuring Neighborhood Opportunity with Opportunity Atlas and Child Opportunity Index 2.0 Data

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https://www.huduser.gov/portal/periodicals/cityscpe/vol23num1/article9.html

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2021

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journal articles
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Mast, Brent D.; Din, Alexander; Measuring Neighborhood Opportunity with Opportunity Atlas and Child Opportunity Index 2.0 Data; A Journal of Policy Development and Research, Volume 23, Number 1, 2021; https://www.huduser.gov/portal/periodicals/cityscpe/vol23num1/article9.html

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This is a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.

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Abstract

Researchers have recently introduced two datasets measuring neighborhood opportunity: the Harvard University Opportunity Atlas data (Chetty et al., 2018b) and the Brandeis University Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0 data (Noelke et al., 2020). The Opportunity Atlas data measure neighborhood opportunity longitudinally on the basis of children’s outcomes in adulthood for the years 1989 to 2015. The COI 2.0 data measure neighborhood opportunity contemporaneously for the years 2010 and 2015 on the basis of 29 child welfare indicators categorized into three domains: (1) education, (2) health and environment, and (3) social and economic. In this article we describe the two datasets and present a data analysis example estimating what the Part I crime distribution in Dallas would be if neighborhood opportunity distributions (based on both neighborhood opportunity data sources) in Dallas were more similar to those of Chicago. We adjust for neighborhood opportunity differences between the two cities using the nonparametric propensity score matching technique (Barskey et al., 2002). We conclude that neighborhood opportunity differences explain little of the crime differences between the two cities.