Jamet, CédricIbrahim, AmirAhmad, ZiauddinAngelini, FedericoGao, MengMartins, VanderleiRemer, LorraineZhai, Peng-Wanget al2019-09-242019-09-242019-05-21Jamet C, Ibrahim A, Ahmad Z, Angelini F, Babin M, Behrenfeld MJ, Boss E, Cairns B, Churnside J, Chowdhary J, Davis AB, Dionisi D, Duforêt-Gaurier L, Franz B, Frouin R, Gao M, Gray D, Hasekamp O, He X, Hostetler C, Kalashnikova OV, Knobelspiesse K, Lacour L, Loisel H, Martins V, Rehm E, Remer L, Sanhaj I, Stamnes K, Stamnes S, Victori S, Werdell J and Zhai P-W (2019) Going Beyond Standard Ocean Color Observations: Lidar and Polarimetry. Front. Mar. Sci. 6:251. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00251https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00251http://hdl.handle.net/11603/14597Authors: Cédric Jamet, Amir Ibrahim, Ziauddin Ahmad, Federico Angelini, Marcel Babin, Michael J. Behrenfeld, Emmanuel Boss, Brian Cairns, James Churnside, Jacek Chowdhary, Anthony B. Davis, Davide Dionisi, Lucile Duforêt-Gaurier, Bryan Franz, Robert Frouin, Meng Gao, Deric Gray, Otto Hasekamp, Xianqiang He, Chris Hostetler, Olga V. Kalashnikova, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Léo Lacour, Hubert Loisel, Vanderlei Martins, Eric Rehm, Lorraine Remer, Idriss Sanhaj, Knut Stamnes, Snorre Stamnes, Stéphane Victori, Jeremy Werdell, and Peng-Wang ZhaiPassive ocean color images have provided a sustained synoptic view of the distribution of ocean optical properties and color and biogeochemical parameters for the past 20-plus years. These images have revolutionized our view of the ocean. Remote sensing of ocean color has relied on measurements of the radiance emerging at the top of the atmosphere, thus neglecting the polarization and the vertical components. Ocean color remote sensing utilizes the intensity and spectral variation of visible light scattered upward from beneath the ocean surface to derive concentrations of biogeochemical constituents and inherent optical properties within the ocean surface layer. However, these measurements have some limitations. Specifically, the measured property is a weighted-integrated value over a relatively shallow depth, it provides no information during the night and retrieval are compromised by clouds, absorbing aerosols, and low Sun zenithal angles. In addition, ocean color data provide limited information on the morphology and size distribution of marine particles. Major advances in our understanding of global ocean ecosystems will require measurements from new technologies, specifically lidar and polarimetry. These new techniques have been widely used for atmospheric applications but have not had as much as interest from the ocean color community. This is due to many factors including limited access to in-situ instruments and/or space-borne sensors and lack of attention in university courses and ocean science summer schools curricula. However, lidar and polarimetry technology will complement standard ocean color products by providing depth-resolved values of attenuation and scattering parameters and additional information about particles morphology and chemical composition. This review aims at presenting the basics of these techniques, examples of applications and at advocating for the development of in-situ and space-borne sensors. Recommendations are provided on actions that would foster the embrace of lidar and polarimetry as powerful remote sensing tools by the ocean science community.24 pagesen-USThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.Public Domain Mark 1.0Text