Wyatt-Nichol, HeatherSeabrook, Renita2016-12-072016-12-072016Wyatt-Nichol, H. & Seabrook, R. (2016). The Ugly Side of America: Institutional Oppression and Race. Journal of Public Management and Social Policy, 23(1), 20-46.1080-8523http://hdl.handle.net/11603/3677This manuscript examines structural racism through a socio-historical context of institutional oppression and its effects on modern society. The epistemological framework of intersectionality is used to focus on the overlap of oppression, structural racism, and implicit bias evident in the stereotypes and perceptions of the African American male population in the United States. Four eras of socio-historical significance are addressed: 1. Foundations of Racial Oppression; 2. Racism: Reconstruction and Jim Crow; 3. Renewal: Civil Rights and Civil Disobedience; 3. Reckoning: Embedded Racism and the Criminal Justice System.en-USInstitutional Racism, Jim Crow, Policing, Race, Freddie Gray, Trayvon Martin, Racial Profiling, Use of ForceText