Browsing by Author "Shin, Hyeon-Shic"
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Item Electric Vehicle Ownership Factors, Preferred Safety Technologies and Commuting Behavior in the United States(2017-02) Farkas, Z. Andrew; Shin, Hyeon-Shic; Dadvar, Seyedehsan; Molina, JessicaElectric vehicles (EVs) are expected to reduce climate-changing greenhouse gas emissions, potentially reduce the ground-level ozone experienced during summers over the Mid-Atlantic’s I-95 Corridor, and possibly reduce dependence on fossil fuels. EVs may also be an agent for diffusion of connected vehicle technologies and the resulting safety benefits. EVs are typically small size and light weight in order to achieve sufficient driving range, perhaps necessitating robust collision avoidance systems to allay fears of small vehicle vulnerability. The objectives of the research are to determine from online surveys applied nationally the factors that contributed to EV ownership and owners’ commuting behavior and mode choice and to make recommendations for public investments in support of EV ownership. Research would also discern the expectations of EV owners regarding safety equipment and benefits.This research surveyed registered plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) owners and internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) owners nationwide regarding attitudes toward vehicle purchasing, demand for safety technologies, travel behavior, and mode choice for work trips before and after purchase. Statistical analyses of the survey results revealed that: EV owners are more affluent, older, more environmentally focused white males than ICEV owners; EVs were most popular among Democrats and least among those not interested in politics; Although EVs are generally equipped with more safety technologies than ICEVs, EV owners still care slightly more about safety features for their next vehicle; Owners use EVs for commuting to work, but transit is not a significant mode choice; EV owners have more traditional suburb-to-city and city-to-city commute patterns, while ICEV owners engage in slightly more dispersed trip-making; Among ICEV owners market penetration of EVs continues to be a challenge because of price.Item Equity in Accessibility to Opportunities: Insights, Measures, and Solutions based on Mobile Device Location Data(2021-03) Zhang, Lei; Shin, Hyeon-Shic; Ghader, Sepehr; Darzi, Aref; Zhao, Guangchen; Kabiri, Aliakbar; Urban Mobility & Equity CenterThis report summarizes the study of accessibility to opportunities among different population groups and neighborhoods in Baltimore City. The study is the first of its kind in utilizing observed multimodal mobile device location data from individual devices to systematically study accessibility to opportunities. Passively collected mobile device location data used in this study reveal day-to-day travel patterns of more than 25% of the U.S. population for an entire year across the nation. To showcase the application of this data, we selected the Baltimore city as our testbed. This new data source with very high sampling rates, combined with point of interest data and census data, allows us to analyze how residents in each neighborhood travel to work or seek their essential needs such as food and healthcare. The study introduces a data-driven accessibility measure based on the observed location data, which can also be calculated using individual-level outputs of a typical activity-based model. Research findings directly identify accessibility gaps among neighborhoods. In addition to the above, accessibility and equity measures from mobile device location data are compared with traditional measures, and the comparison results are discussed. Furthermore, this study draws on information from the data-driven method to capture the differences in accessibility among different income groups.Item Innovative Methods for Delivering Fresh Foods to Underserved Populations(2019-12) Shin, Hyeon-Shic; Schonfeld, Paul; Lee, Young-Jae; Urban Mobility & Equity CenterLimited access to fresh food sources--ones within reasonable distances with reliable, affordable transportation--has become a public health concern. The negative associations between a lack of fresh food consumption and health are well known. Because certain demographic groups are disproportionately affected by the absence of stores selling healthy and affordable food, equity issues result. Many inner-city residents are left in neighborhoods devoid of such stores, and every day they are forced to trade off increased costs against healthy food consumption and health. This study aimed to develop a cost-effective last-mile fresh food delivery system to households in food deserts, which could help improve fresh food accessibility. Six alternative delivery modes--conventional trucks, e-bikes, shared-ride transit, parcel lockers, pop-up stores, and independently contracted drivers--were identified and optimized by employing Traveling Salesman Problem. Then we compared the results with the system's total costs. Sensitive analyses were conducted in terms of the time of delivery, zone size, user's value of time waiting for goods, the optimal number of lockers, costs associated with combined deliveries at lockers as well as customer addresses, and a second delivery attempt. Building on optimized modes, GIS network analyses were performed for randomly selected household locations in parts of poverty-prone West Baltimore. Numerical results showed that deliveries by trucks are the most cost-effective alternative, while the third-party deliveries ranked second. The two most expensive alternatives were shared-ride service and e-bike deliveries, based on the estimated costs of providing them.