Maryland Shared Open Access Repository

MD-SOAR is a shared digital repository platform for twelve colleges and universities in Maryland. It is currently funded by the University System of Maryland and Affiliated Institutions (USMAI) Library Consortium (usmai.org) and other participating partner institutions. MD-SOAR is jointly governed by all participating libraries, who have agreed to share policies and practices that are necessary and appropriate for the shared platform. Within this broad framework, each library provides customized repository services and collections that meet local institutional needs. Please follow the links below to learn more about each library's repository services and collections.

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Recent Submissions

THE EFFECTS OF THREE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS ON LEMNA GIBBA L. PERFORMANCE: A NEW ALLELOPATHY BIOASSAY
(1984-05) Ramírez Toro, Graciela Ivette; Hood College Biology; Human Science
Lemna gibba L. (duckweed) characterized by its gibbosity or swollen fronds on the abaxil side was used as a bioassay organism to test the allelochemical effects of salicylic acid, ferulic acid and umbelliferone. Growth rate (K) of individual fronds, biomass production or dry weight (DW) and chlorophyll production were the parameters measured. A bioassay procedure using 50 ml of E medium with and without sucrose in 125-ml Erlenmeyer flasks plus the selected concentration of allelochemical was developed. After 7 days growth, parameters were evaluated. L. gibba was affected by the 3 compounds. Salicylic acid affected the plant at concentrations as low as 0.02 mM causing stimulation of K and chlorophyll production, while the DW production was inhibited. Higher concentrations inhibited all the parameters. Ferulic acid and umbelliferone began affecting L. gibba at 0.10 mM, causing stimulation of the arameters up to the 1.00 mM concentration where inhibition was apparent. The addition of organic sources (sucrose and tartaric acid) reduced the sensitivity of L. gibba to the allelochemicals. L. gibba was found to be a sensitive organism for use in the bioassays to detect allelopathic effects.
PULMONARY EFFECTS OF RICIN IN THE ISOLATED PERFUSED RAT LUNG MODEL
(1992-09) Rivera, Edna R.; Hood College Biology; Biomedical and Environmental Science
The isolated perfused lung model consists of a temperature controlled chamber with reservoirs, tubing and a small animal respirator, capable of maintaining freshly excised lungs in a viable condition for several hours. It is a flexible system that allows for different routes of exposure and/or treatments of toxins or drugs under study. It also allows for a wide variety of parameters to be measured as indicators of tissue damage and effects of the toxin studied. Isolated perfused rat lungs were used to study pulmonary effects of ricin, a toxic lectin isolated from the castor bean Ricinus communis, Euphorbiaceae (Funatsu, 1972). Several test agents used in the preliminary evaluation of the system were hydrochloric acid (HC1), 4β,15-diacetoxy 3α-hydroxy-8α-(3-methylbutyrryloxy)-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene (T-2), microcystin (MCYST) and ethanol (Et0H). Ricin and test agents were delivered to the isolated rat lung by the intravascular route (perfusate) or by intratracheal instillation. Glucose utilization, lactate production, and enzyme (LDH and AST) release into perfusate indicated lung function and tissue damage. Control lungs used 47.8 ± 3.33 μmol/g lung/hr of glucose and converted 37% to lactate. Exposure of the isolated lung, through either the intravascular or intratracheal route, to HC1, MCYST and T-2 appeared to increase the release of LDH. Lungs exposed to HC1 and Et0H through the intravascular route and to T-2 through the intratracheal route showed a a trend towards greater use of glucose than controls. Lungs exposed to ricin through the intravascular route significantly increased release of LDH, but not ricin (500 μg/kg) through the intratracheal route. The lung exposed to ricin B chain appeared to show a greater release of LDH and AST but lower utilization of glucose. Exposure of the isolated lung to ricin tended to increase the release of acid phosphatase and 6-ketoPGFᵢₐ, while the release of thromboxane and PGE2 did not seem to be increased. Light microscopy showed changes, such as lymphoid necrosis in the bronchiole-associated lymphoid tissue in the lung after exposures to ricin, through both routes, and to T-2, that were not seen in any of the control lungs, but the significance of these changes are unknown since they were not seen in all lungs. Perivascular edema and bronchiectasis seen in some control lungs indicated that further modifications of the system are necessary. Use of an immunogold staining technique provided useful insight to the distribution of ricin through the different routes. Preliminary studies with FITC-ricin provided some information on the distribution of the toxin and the differences to exposure through the intravascular versus the intratracheal route. These preliminary results show that the isolated perfused rat lung model is a valuable tool in the study of pulmonary effects of toxins on this organ.
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Isolated From The Monocacy River
(1984-07) Rinker, Austin Granvel Jr.; Hood College Biology; Biomedical and Environmental Science
Twenty-two tetracycline (Te) resistant, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from the Monocacy River in Frederick County, Maryland. Based on standard isolation procedures, this represents 0.2% of the bacterial populationisolated from the river water. The Te-resistant organisms were identified as P/Lovidencia 4tuantii (10 isolates), SuLtatia malice4cenz (7 isolates), and one isolate each of Ptoteuz vutganiz, Ezchetichia coti, Atcatigene4 odman4 and Acinetobactem_ catcoaceticuz. One additional Te-resistant isolate was identified tentatively as a member of the generaof EntelLobactet or Ha6nia. Supplementary antibiotic resistance testing on the Te-resistant isolates yielded varied resistance patterns; however, all exhibited a uniform resistance pattern to erythromycin, methicillin, novobioc in, penicillin and tetracycline. Curing with acridine orange suggested that the Te-resistance for single representative isolates of P. ztuattii, S. manceiscen4 (non-pigmented), E. coti and P. vutganiz were plasmid mediated. The same isolate of P. 4tuaAtii yielded six plasmids of the following approximate sizes; 3.2, 5.5, 8.9, 10.3, 29.4 and 39.8 kilobases (kb). Transformation of the standard strain E. coti HB101 with the isolated plasmid DNA (pDNA) from the P. 4tuctAtii isolate indicated that the Te-resistant marker resided in the 29.4 kb plasmid.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN ELECTRONIC REGULATORY SUBMISSION ENVIRONMENT FOR INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATIONS FOR BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS
(2008-05) Riling, Kathryn; Hood College Biology; Biomedical and Environmental Science
The FDA is currently accepting INDs in both paper and electronic format. However, electronic regulatory submissions will eventually be obligatory. Making the transition now will prepare a company well in advance for mandatory electronic submissions. In March 1997. the FDA published regulations which set forth the criteria under which records submitted to FDA may be submitted in electronic format in place of paper (21 CFR Part 11). This paper presents guidelines for establishing an electronic regulatory submissions environment for INDs submitted to FDA CBER. The electronic regulatory submissions environment includes organizing and submitting the IND electronically and considerations for 21 CFR Part 11 compliance. A demonstration of an electronic IND is included on CD as Attachment 1. Detailed instructions for electronic IND file naming, and organization and for establishing an FDA ESG Production account are included in draft SOPs as Attachments 2 and 3, respectively.
The Separation of Dipeptides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
(1986-05) Ridlon, Cynthia D.; Hood College Biology; Biomedical and Environmental Science
The separation of underivatized phenylalanine dipeptides by high performance liquid chromatography using a beta-cyclodextrin bonded silica gel column was evaluated. Parameters such as per cent organic modifier, pH, buffer type, and temperature were shown to have various effects on the dipeptides separation. The results revealed that the separation of dipeptides was possible using the beta-cyclodextrin column. Changing the per cent methanol in the mobile phase from 15 to 10 percent although improved the separation, did not affect it drastically. Changing the pH of the mobile phase affected the peak shape and retention times depending on the amino acid in the dipeptide. It was found that pH changes affected the retention times of the acidic dipeptides more than the uncharged amino acids. Two buffer systems were evaluated, triethylammonium acetate (0.1%, pH 4.01) and ammonium acetate (0.01 M, pH 4.5); both systems gave comparable separations. The effect of temperature on the separation of the phenylalanine dipeptides was also studied. The only observed effects in varying the temperature from ambient to 57 degrees centigrade were the decrease in retention times and the peaks were sharper at higher than lower temperatures. A comparison between using the beta-cyclodextrin column and the reversed-phase C-18 column for the separation of the phenylalanine dipeptides and other nonaromatic dipeptides indicated that both columns work equally well, with the C-18 requiring a higher concentration of methanol in the mobile phase. A comparison of the separation of a group of stereoisomers showed that the beta-cyclodextrin and C-l8 columns gave comparable results with the C-18 requiring different concentrations of methanol in the mobile phase. It was possible to separate a mixture of di-, tri-, and tetrapeptides using both columns.