Browsing by Subject "human-centered computing"
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Item Communication Cost of Single-user Gesturing Tool in Laparoscopic Surgical Training(Association for Computing Machinery, 2019-05-04) Feng, Yuanyuan; Li, Katie; Semsar, Azin; McGowan, Hannah; Mun, Jacqueline; Zahiri, H. Reza; George, Ivan; Park, Adrian; Kleinsmith, Andrea; Mentis, Helena M.Multi-user input over a shared display has been shown to support group process and improve performance. However, current gesturing systems for instructional collaborative tasks limit the input to experts and overlook the needs of novices in making references on a shared display. In this paper, we investigate the effects of a single-user gesturing tool on the communication between trainer and trainees in a laparoscopic surgical training. By comparing the communication structure and content between the trainings with and without the gesturing tool, we show that the communication becomes more imbalanced and the trainees become less active when using the single-user gesturing tool. Our findings highlight the needs to grant all parties the same level of access to a shared display and suggest further directions in designing a shared display for instructional collaborative tasks.Item Developing an Ethical Framework for Affective Computing Applications(2020-01-20) Stamato, Lydia; Kleinsmith, Andrea; Massey, Aaron K; Information Systems; Human Centered ComputingSensing technologies increasingly common in both private and public spaces present the opportunity for systems aware of and responsive to human emotion (affective computing). The personal and social consequences of affective computing applications in ubiquitous computing environments are not well understood. This theses seeks to illuminate these potential impacts by analyzing three types of human-computer interaction described in an account of a neighborhood'sexperience with smart home security cameras, applying the Process-Person-Context-Time model?an ecological systems theory model commonly used in social science and developmental psychology research?to a design scenario and set of counterfactuals. This approach highlights potential developmental consequences of this technology and the interconnected effects of interaction, informing a preliminary framework for considering the ethical application of affective computing in private and shared spaces. This framework aims to support ethical decision-making regarding affective computing technology by researchers, designers, policy makers, and everyday users and other stakeholders.Item A Digital Dashboard for Supporting Online Student Teamwork(Association for Computing Machinery, 2019-11) Ahuja, Rohan; Khan, Daniyal; Symonette, Danilo; desJardins, Marie; Stacey, Simon; Engel, DonTeamwork skills are crucial to college students, both at university and afterwards. However, few tools exist to monitor student teamwork and to help students develop teamwork skills. We present a tool which collects the interactions of students who are using online platforms to complete a sustained task as a team; conducts a range of analyses of these data; and then presents information about team and team member behaviors in real time on a digital dashboard. This dashboard provides instructors with a user-friendly picture of team and team-member dynamics, which can also be made available, as appropriate, to both teams and team members. While some behaviors have been shown to be (or are self-evidently) beneficial or harmful to team performance, these data and analyses also make possible exploration of whether less obvious behaviors affect team outcomes and performance.Item Including Experiential Information in Stroke Telerehabilitation(2023-01-01) Akiinsiku, Adegboyega; Mentis, Helena; Information Systems; Information SystemsOvercoming stroke-related disability challenges, and regaining mobility, are closely tied to a stroke survivor?s adherence to a rehabilitation care plan. Yet, the burden of attaining and maintaining regular rehabilitation is a significant barrier for stroke survivors. More specifically, one burden is the lack of specialized equipment for home rehabilitation. Another burden is stroke survivors? lack of access to specialized rehabilitation locations, which puts high-level care outside the reach of many, including those in rural and low-resource communities. Thus, designing and developing rehabilitation service systems that leverage technologies to facilitate the communication of information between a patient and their clinician at a distance (i.e., telerehabilitation) have become a solution to increase access and longevity to rehabilitation, while potentially reducing overall long-term cost and travel burden of stroke survivors. However, the type of information that needs to be communicated, and their design implications, are not well defined. This dissertation aims to identify and define the design needs for future stroke telerehabilitation systems, and investigate the integration of information about stroke survivors? lived experience (i.e., experiential information) into stroke telerehabilitation. The completed investigation consisted of a qualitative field study that closely examined the facilitation and execution of in-person and remote stroke rehabilitation by Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation clinicians without, and then with, the integration of experiential information. The primary contribution of this dissertation is computing design guidance for future stroke telerehabilitation systems regarding telerehabilitation temporality and the information needs of stroke telerehabilitation. This dissertation specifically contributes to the health and collaborative technology communities within Human-Computer Interaction, and more broadly, the interdisciplinary healthcare technology community consisting of medical clinicians and computing researchers/designers/developers.Item Supporting Social Inclusion with DIY-ATs: Perspectives of Kenyan Caregivers of Children with Cognitive Disabilities(ACM, 2023-09-21) Hamidi, Foad; Kidane, Tsion; Owuor, Patrick Mbullo; Hynie, Michaela; Baljko, MelanieDo-It-Yourself assistive technologies (DIY-ATs) that can be designed, fabricated, or customized by non-technical individuals can enable people with disabilities and their community members to create and customize their own technological solutions. DIY-ATs may better fit user needs than mass-produced alternatives. Recently, researchers have started to explore the possibilities and challenges of using DIY-ATs in contexts other than the Global North, where access to digital ATs is limited. Previous research has not yet studied the perspectives of caregivers of children with disabilities towards these technologies. We present findings from an interview study with caregivers of children and youth with cognitive disabilities in Western Kenya who used a DIY-AT system as a research probe. Participants described how negative beliefs about people with disabilities result in social exclusion and discrimination and explained how increased opportunities for social interaction and learning mediated through DIY and other customizable ATs for their children could support their inclusion, safety, and access to future opportunities.