Relationship between gender role orientation, role strain, and level of well-being in multiple role nursing students
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Date
1995
Department
Nursing
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Abstract
The purpose of this research study was to explore the
outcomes of multiple role involvement for women actively
enrolled in a formal program of nursing education. The
relationship between gender role orientation and level of
role strain was explored to learn if there was a correlation
between these two variables and a woman's level of wellbeing.
The expansion and scarcity hypotheses were utilized
in guiding this research and the adapted job strain model
utilizing gender role orientation as the variable of control
was also explored. A convenience sample consisting of 49
Associate Degree nursing students from a Delaware community
college was selected for this study. subjects were
administered a 4-section questionnaire which included a
biographical data sheet, the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI:
Bem, 1981), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression
Scale (CBS-D: Radloff, 1977) and the Lengacher Role strain
Inventory (LRSI: Lengacher, 1993). The results indicated that role strain is not related
to level of well being. However data indicated that there
was a relationship between lower levels of well being and
increased role strain. Contrary to predictions, results
also indicated that gender role orientation was not related
to level of well being or role strain. The job strain model
was not supported in this study when gender role orientation
was the selected variable of choice for level of control. Finally, the scarcity hypothesis and expansion hypothesis
were not supported in this study. However, data indicated
that a trend was present for women occupying more roles to
have a greater level of well being than women occupying
fewer roles as evidenced by lower CES-D scores. The outcome of multiple role involvement in women
remains a complicated issue. Future research should be
designed and directed towards studying the interactive
effect of level of demands and level of control. Research
should focus on validating the findings of this study.
Because the expansion and scarcity hypotheses do not account
for the internal and external factors effecting women's role
strain and well being, models depicting directional
relationships between levels of demands and levels of
control such as gender role orientation should be utilized
and or developed to guide future research studies.