UMBC Emergency and Distaster Health Systems
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/38
The Department of Emergency Health Services offers a unique opportunity for the education of future Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Public Health, and Emergency Management professionals.
This is accomplished by providing a broad liberal-arts and sciences education which enhances the graduate employment opportunities as pre-hospital providers, policy makers, and managers.The Department of Emergency Health Services also provides a cutting edge education for advancement to graduate, medical, and professional studies.
The Graduate program is primarily focused on preparing professionals for leadership roles in Disaster Health, Emergency Public Health and Policy Development. The two-track curriculum is designed to provide graduate level training and education to health care providers, researchers, educators, policy makers, and administrators. An Education concentration can be combined with either track. A post-baccalaureate certificate in Emergency Management is also offered.
The Academic Department of Emergency and Disaster Health Systems offers a unique opportunity for the education of future Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Public Health, and Emergency Management professionals.
This is accomplished by providing broad liberal arts and sciences education which enhances the graduate employment opportunities as pre-hospital providers, policymakers, and managers. The Department of Emergency and Disaster Health Systems also provides a cutting-edge education for advancement to graduate, medical, and professional studies.
The Graduate program is primarily focused on preparing professionals for leadership roles in Disaster Health, Emergency Public Health, and Policy Development. The two-track curriculum is designed to provide graduate-level training and education to health care providers, researchers, educators, policymakers, and administrators. An Education concentration can be combined with either track. A post-baccalaureate certificate in Emergency Management is also offered.
As of Fall 2017, in conjunction with the School of Public Policy, we now offer concentrations in Emergency Health or Emergency Management within the Public Policy Ph.D. program.
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Recent Submissions
Item Family Care Partners and Paid Caregivers: National Estimates of Role-Sharing in Home Care(Oxford University Press, 2024-12-09) Fabius, Chanee D.; Gallo, Joseph J.; Burgdorf, Julia; Samus, Quincy M.; Skehan, Maureen; Stockwell, Ian; Wolff, Jennifer L.We describe “role-sharing” in home care, defined as family care partners and paid caregivers assisting with the same task(s).We studied 440 participants in the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) receiving paid help with self-care, mobility, or medical care. We describe patterns in receiving paid help only, help from care partners only, and role-sharing. We examine whether sole reliance on paid help or role-sharing differs by Medicaid-enrollment and dementia status.Half (52.9%) of care networks involved role-sharing. Care networks involving role-sharing more often occurred among older adults with dementia (48.7% vs. 25.6%, p<0.001) and less often for those who were Medicaid-enrolled (32.1% vs. 49.4%, p<0.01). Those living with dementia more often experienced role-sharing in eating (OR 3.9 [95% CI 1.20, 8.50]), bathing (OR 2.7, [95% CI 1.50, 4.96]), dressing (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.14, 3.86]), toileting (OR 2.9 [95% CI 1.23, 6.74]), and indoor mobility (OR 2.8 [95% CI 1.42, 5.56]), and less often received help solely from paid helpers with medication administration (OR 0.24, [95% CI 0.12, 0.46]). Medicaid-enrollees more often received paid help only in dressing (OR 2.0 [95% CI 1.12, 3.74]), outdoor (OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.28, 4.36]) and indoor mobility (OR 4.3 [95% CI 2.41, 7.62]), and with doctor visits (OR 2.8 [95% CI 1.29, 5.94]).Role-sharing is common, especially among older adults living with dementia who are not Medicaid-enrolled. Strategies supporting information sharing and collaboration in home-based care merit investigation.Item Care Compare Star Ratings and Family Satisfaction in Maryland Nursing Facilities: A Comparison by Facility Structure(2024-02-22) Millar, Roberto; Diehl, Christin; Kusmaul, Nancy; Stockwell, IanThese findings were presented at the Gerontological Society of America’s (GSA) 2023 meeting in Tampa, Florida. Part of a Center and Institute Departmentally-Engaged Research (CIDER) award, this is part of several studies focused on examining quality of care in Maryland nursing facilities.Item Validating the Disaster Food Security Scale for Rural U.S. Populations(Natural Hazards Center, 2023) Clay, Lauren; Koyratty, Nadia; Josephson, Anna; Shanks, Carmen BykerAlthough there is a large body of evidence on food security and food systems, similar research is limited in disaster settings. Rural areas are especially at risk for adverse disaster consequences. The goal of this project is to validate the Disaster Food Security Scale (DFSS) for rural populations. Rural population-specific validation is needed to ensure that the scale reliably measures barriers to food security in rural populations, which may have different concerns and issues during disasters when compared to the general or non-rural populations. To validate the DFSS-Rural, the DFSS survey was administered to a national U.S. sample of households that recall a disaster in their community in the past five years. Survey data were analyzed for validity and non-rural and rural populations were compared. The disaster food security construct created through the scale development process was unidimensional allowing the administration and scoring of a single composite scale to capture multiple aspects of food security in a disaster context. The DFSS scale measures food security disruption from a systems perspective, and therefore, identifies where a disruption is occurring in the food system chain and can provide information for public health and emergency management officials, communities, and community service organizations about specific opportunities for intervention to improve food security and improve health outcomes.Item US Climate Disasters and Health Disparities: Scoping Review Protocol(OSF, 2024-08-29) Clay, Lauren; Schreiber, Kerstin; Gillman, Arielle; Tompkins, Dera; Butera, GiselaThis scoping review aims to synthesize the state of science on climate disasters and health disparities in the United States. The review will identify health disparity outcomes, populations, and methodological approaches studied to date and discuss gaps and opportunities for future research to undertake.Item Association Between Social Determinants of Health, COVID-19 Stressors, and Mental Health Among New York Residents Early in the Pandemic(Cambridge University Press, 2024-10-22) Riobueno-Naylor, Alexa; Clay, Lauren; Aubé, Samantha S.; Lai, Betty S.ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic is a disaster event. Exposure to stressors during and after disaster events is associated with negative mental health symptoms. To inform targeted COVID-19 recovery efforts, data are needed to understand which stressors play a key role in this relationship.MethodsCross-sectional survey data (demographics, impacts of COVID-19, social determinants of health, depression, and anxiety) were collected online from adults living in New York state between May and June 2020. Differences in the proportion of stressors (COVID-19 and social determinants) experienced by race/ethnicity were assessed using chi-square analyses. Logistic regression was used to assess which factors were associated with increased odds of depression and anxiety.ResultsA majority (n = 258, 62.2%) of the 415 respondents reported being directly impacted by the pandemic. Non-white respondents reported a significantly larger proportion of stressors compared to white respondents. Under half of respondents reported depression (n = 171, 41.2%) and anxiety (n = 164, 39.5%). Healthcare and food concerns were associated with increased odds of depression and anxiety, and economic concerns were associated with increased odds of anxiety.ConclusionsFindings underscore the need to respond to the COVID-19 mental health crisis by addressing social determinants of health.Item Nurse Staffing in Nursing Facilities and Family Members' Appraisal of Resident Care(2024-06-29) Millar, Roberto; Diehl, Christin; Cannon-Jones, Stephanie; Kusmaul, Nancy; Stockwell, IanItem Multi-scalar and multi-dimensional conceptions of social capital and mental health impacts after disaster: the case of Hurricane Harvey(Wiley, 2022-01-11) Smiley, Kevin T.; Clay, Lauren; Ross, Ashley D.; Chen, Yu-AnWhile much research investigates how social capital relates to mental health after disasters, less work employs a multi-scalar, multi-dimensional social capital framework. This study applies such a construct to an analysis of novel survey data of approximately 1,000 rural and urban Texans after Hurricane Harvey struck the United States in August 2017. On the individual level, it finds that greater social support is linked to fewer mental health impacts, but that greater civic and organisational engagement is connected to greater mental health impacts. At the community level, it finds that neither a density of bridging social capital organisations nor of bonding social capital organisations is associated with poorer mental health, although a greater number of bonding organisations is related to negative mental health impacts on rural residents. The paper concludes by focusing on how individual and community social capital relationships with mental health are contingent on measurement, scale, and rural or urban location.Item Multiple Chronic Condition Patterns among Full-Benefit Maryland Medicaid Enrollees(2024-06-29) Han, Fei; Gill, Christine; Blake, Elizabeth; Stockwell, IanItem Colonialism’s legacy has left Caribbean nations much more vulnerable to hurricanes(The Conversation, 2024-10-22) Nibbs, FarahThe islands’ vulnerability has roots deep in the exploitative systems forced on them by colonialism, from slave-based land policies to ill-suited development that put lives in harm’s way.Item Colonialism’s legacy has left Caribbean nations much more vulnerable to hurricanes(The Conversation, 2024-10-22) Nibbs, FarahThe islands’ vulnerability has roots deep in the exploitative systems forced on them by colonialism, from slave-based land policies to ill-suited development that put lives in harm’s way.Item Enhancing Stress Understanding Through Team Reflection: Technology-Driven Insights in High-Stress Training Scenarios(ACM, 2024-06-25) Akiri, Surely; Joshi, Vasundhara; Taherzadeh, Sanaz; Jenkins, J. Lee; Williams, Gary; Mentis, Helena; Kleinsmith, AndreaSystems aimed at stress awareness and reflection training by those in high-stress work environments may aid the development of stress management skills to alleviate and manage future workplace traumas. However, there is a notable gap in research addressing the insights and awareness individuals gain about their stress when they engage in team-based reflection on team-based data. To this end, we designed the Stress Reflection system as a proof-of-concept educational tool to foster and promote stress reflection and awareness by presenting trainees with both internal and external behavioral information, i.e., electrodermal activity (EDA) and corresponding situated simulation videos. We conducted a study within paramedic simulation training to qualitatively assess the insights gained and the depth of reflection achieved by trainees while interacting with each other and their data. Our findings revealed that reflecting together facilitated valuable insights into the emotions, self-expression, and behaviors that manifest during periods of stress. Trainees interacting collaboratively demonstrated emotional intelligence, predominantly engaging in higher-level dialogic reflections. Nonetheless, similar to other studies, transformative and critical reflection was largely absent. We conclude by discussing the primary findings and recommendations for expanding reflective frameworks to assess reflection in collaborative settings. This research contributes to the HCI community by offering empirically supported insights into team-based stress reflection in work and its implications for stress management in high-stress work environments.Item Social Enterprise and Democracy in China: The Case of Environmental Nonprofit Organizations(De Gruyter, 2024-08-19) Xie, Ming; Eikenberry, Angela M.China is an important example in contemporary society regarding the power relations between government, nonprofit organizations and social enterprise, and the development of civil society and democracy in transitional and authoritarian regimes. Scholars have raised concerns about the impact of a growing reliance on social enterprise on democratic participation and outcomes. This work has largely focused on the US, UK, and other Western democracies. Some scholars alternatively suggest that social enterprise may help organizations to become more independent from the state, alleviating fund-seeking pressure and facilitating the development of civil society. Focusing on lessons learned through three case studies of environmental nonprofit organizations in China, this chapter examines how these organizations have responded to neoliberalization, leveraged social enterprise, and developed public participation. Data shows that the organizations studied adopted developmental approaches to embrace or resist neoliberalization and practice social enterprise and demonstrated limited autonomy and democratic participation.Item Dialogue about Syllabus for Education of Research Methods in Journalism and Communication: A Contract, a Plan, a Cognitive Map, or a Communication Device?(AEJMC, 2023) Xie, Ming; Chao, Chin-ChungThis study explores how the teaching of research methods in journalism and communication is embodied through syllabi in U.S. classrooms. Through emails and an online search, this study collects and reviews syllabi from the 102 accredited programs by Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications. Based on four major distinct purposes of a syllabus —as a contract, a communication device, a plan, and a cognitive map—we examined the current education status of research methods courses and identified strategies of using syllabi as a learner-centered tool which can empower students to be motivated and self-directed learnersItem Make Hay While the Sun Shines: How Community Organizations Help Refugees in Preparation for Disasters(2023-03-02) Xie, Ming; Chen, LiThis article examines community-based nonprofit organizations' (CBOs') perspectives and practices regarding cultivating refugees' disaster resilience. Adopting the theoretical framework of structural and cognitive social capital, we conducted in-depth interviews with leaders, staff members, and volunteers from refugee-serving organizations. The research findings offer new insights into how CBOs help refugees obtain multiple forms of social capital and develop disaster resilience through education and training, resource mobilization, planning, and coordination. The research findings also reveal the flow of social capital exchange during the disaster resilience cultivation process. Similar CBOs can rely on our research findings to develop evidence-based programs and interventions to help culturally and linguistically diverse groups gain social capital and improve disaster resilience.Item Rural Young Adults' PerceptTioITnLsEof Cannabis: A Survey Study(2024-03-07) Chen, Li; Xie, MingThis project examines rural young adults’ perceptions of cannabis (marijuana). The results of a paper-and-pencil and an online survey yielded four major findings. The research findings show the associations between exposure to social media messages about cannabis, moral foundations, perceived risks of cannabis, attitudes toward cannabis legalization, and word of mouth intentions to talk about cannabis in person and online. Data analysis suggests that young adults’ attitudes toward recreational cannabis and cannabis legalization are not predicted by time spent on social media, but are associated with specific moral foundations. The research findings show that health educators may consider embedding latent moral values in their drug-prevention campaigns that target rural young adults.Item West Texas A&M University experts talk on preparation for emergency situations(2023-08-23) Frazier, KyLeah; Xie, MingThe recent disaster in Maui coupled with an approaching dry winter season here in the Panhandle highlights the dangers of wildfires and how being prepared makes a big difference.Item I am in the Homeless Home or I Am Always on the Way Home: Formatting Identity and Transcultural Adaptation Through Ethnic and Host Communication(De Gruyter, 2024-03-22) Chao, Chin-Chung; Xie, MingThis study uses a phenomenological approach and 25 in-depth interviews to better understand ethnic and host communication by Chinese international students in U.S. higher education and the impact of such communication practices on their cultural identity transformation and transcultural adaptation. The research findings reveal that their ethnic communication reflects their dynamic negotiation of cultural identities and their efforts to integrate their original cultural background and their expectations of others to redefine their own cultural identities and communicative behaviors. It also highlights that Chinese students engage in ethnic communication not only for community building and cultural identity reinforcement but also assertively to express themselves and educate others.Item The platformation and transformation of the digital public sphere: An introduction(Sage, 2024-03-01) Xie, MingThis article introduces the complex landscape of social media platforms and their evolving integration within social and political contexts. Focusing on the concept of platform society, this article discusses the emergence and growth of new platforms as well as the localization trends of mobile communication. This article examines the interplay between technological structures and social, cultural, and political dimensions of mobile communication, focusing on issues such as privacy policies, data protection, and profit-seeking motives of platform owner companies. In addition, this article introduces the six papers chosen for this special issue. The diverse viewpoints presented in this special issue contribute to a deeper understanding of digital communication’s role in advancing democracy, encouraging citizen participation, and transforming public spheres.Item Turning every disaster into an opportunity: An exploratory study on refugees’ perceived emergency management capacity and community resilience(ELSEVIER, 2024-09-01) Xie, Ming; Chen, LiThis article explores the perceived emergency management capabilities and community resilience among refugees residing in Texas. Adopting the theoretical framework of structural and cognitive social capital, we conducted in-depth interviews with refugees from Afghanistan, Congo, Iran, Myanmar, Somalia, and Thailand. The study identifies the specific needs of the refugee community regarding disaster management and their simultaneous vulnerability and resilience. Based on our research findings, we suggest that local disaster management agencies identify and collaborate with the community leaders in refugee communities to efficiently achieve their communication goals, strengthen refugees' community resilience, and better integrate refugee communities into the local community's resilience development.Item Responsible Computing: A Longitudinal Study of a Peer-led Ethics Learning Framework(ACM, 2022-09-15) McDonald, Nora; Akinsiku, Adegboyega; Hunter-Cevera, Jonathan; Sanchez, Maria; Kephart, Kerrie; Berczynski, Mark; Mentis, HelenaWe studied the impact of introducing first-year computer science (CS) students to ethical thinking about the social justice impacts of data collection, tracking, bias, internet privacy, and competitive “real world” system design and critique activities. While basic content was consistent for all, one group was involved throughout the course in peer discussions designed to foster greater engagement, with the anticipation that this would enable students to reach new levels of sensitivity through peer-to-peer interaction. This article reports on our observation of this design, interview, and project data collected throughout the course as well interviews conducted eight months later to learn about how students were retaining and applying what they learned. We found that students are sensitive to the technology-related risks and vulnerabilities encountered by individuals based on race, gender, and, to some extent, age, but they struggle to assess who is responsible for these risks, what to do about bias in technology design, and how to mitigate harms for individuals whom they perceive to be vulnerable, furthering the argument for an integrated ethics curriculum. We explore the value of formal peer-led discussion to evolve social justice thinking with a focus on identity, though note that opportunities for any group discussion are meaningful to students’ thinking about social justice. Over the longer term, students tend to recall and apply ethics that is closely related to their identity, suggesting that empathy has limits.