Finding Procedural Justice in Baltimore’s Department of Public Works
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Author/Creator ORCID
Date
2016
Type of Work
Department
Environmental Studies
Program
Center for People, Politics, and Markets
Citation of Original Publication
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Collection may be protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Copyright Law. To obtain information or permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the Goucher Special Collections & Archives at 410-337-6347 or email archives@goucher.edu.
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Abstract
Structures of power and governance hold significant sway over the process and outcome of
decision-making in local governments. An assessment of the processes involved in
environmental decision-making (Dietz and Stern, 2008) and structures of governance (United
States Census Bureau, 2016; National League of Cities, 2016) can aid an understanding of how
public administration decisions are made, and help to dismantle structural power imbalances. To
the same end, the presence and impact of procedural justice must also be considered (Holifield,
2001). Holifield defines procedural justice as “referring to the access of citizens to environmental
decision-making processes that affect their environments” (Holifield, 2001, 81). The
incorporation of procedural justice emphasizes public participation as an integral part of
decision-making processes that will impact communities at large. In order to engage in publically
beneficial outcomes, governmental institutions must welcome and create space for the idea that
“all decisions in a democracy involve public participation” (Dietz and Stern, 2008, 11).
While methods of decision-making and public participation are often discussed, there is a
lack of focus on the incorporation of procedural justice within the context of local governance
structure. To this end, the City of Baltimore will be used as a case study to examine how the
structure of city government and the incorporation of city-level public participation impacts
procedural justice. The entirety of the case study will be grounded in a historical context and will
address the social institutions that shaped modern day Baltimore. An analysis of Baltimore's
Public Works Department will add to the discussion, and contextualize the limitations facing and
facilitated by local level governance institutions. This analysis will assess how procedural justice
is incorporated into environmental and social decision-making processes, and the importance of
access to public participation in decisions that impact communities at large. By addressing the
Finding Procedural Justice in Baltimore’s Department of Public Works
4
strengths and weaknesses within Baltimore City’s structure of governance, this paper reveals
how decisions within the Public Works Department can be more inclusive of public opinion and
provide a better forum for diverse voices. Ultimately, this paper aims to address the questions:
How is management power distributed within Baltimore City’s Public Works Department? How
does the City of Baltimore provide procedural justice within its public and environmental
services?