Associations between race, APOE genotype, cognition, and mortality among urban middle-aged white and African American adults

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dc.contributor.authorWeiss, Jordan
dc.contributor.authorHossain, Sharmin
dc.contributor.authorMaldonado, Ana I.
dc.contributor.authorShen, Botong
dc.contributor.authorBeydoun, Hind A.
dc.contributor.authorKivimaki, Mika
dc.contributor.authorEvans, Michele K.
dc.contributor.authorZonderman, Alan B.
dc.contributor.authorBeydoun, May A.
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-04T15:43:44Z
dc.date.available2021-11-04T15:43:44Z
dc.date.issued2021-10-06
dc.description.abstractWe examined associations between cognition and mortality and how these relationships vary by race and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, in a longitudinal study of 2346 middle-aged White and African American adults (30–64 years at baseline) from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span cohort study. Baseline cognition spanned global mental status, and several domains obtained using principal components analysis (PCA; PCA1: verbal memory/fluency; PCA2: attention/working memory; PCA3: executive function/visuo-spatial abilities). Cox regression models evaluated associations between cognition and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-mortality. Interactions between cognition and APOE2 as well as APOE4 allelic dose were tested, and race was a key effect modifier. Higher APOE4 dose was associated with increased CVD-mortality (hazard ratio [HR] per allele = 1.37; 95% CI 1.01–1.86, p = 0.041); APOE2 dosage’s association with CVD-mortality was non-significant (HR = 0.60; 95% CI 0.35–1.03, p = 0.065). Higher PCA3 was associated with lower all-cause (HR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.87–0.99, p = 0.030) and CVD (HR = 0.85; 95% CI 0.77–0.95, p = 0.001) mortality risks, the latter association being more pronounced among Whites. PCA2 interacted synergistically with APOE2 dosage, reducing risks for all-cause mortality (PCA2 × APOE2: − 0.33 ± 0.13, p = 0.010) and CVD mortality (PCA2 × APOE2: − 0.73 ± 0.31, p = 0.019). In conclusion, greater executive function/visuo-spatial abilities were associated with reduced CVD-specific mortality, particularly among Whites. Greater “attention/working memory” coupled with higher APOE2 dosage was linked with reduced all-cause and CVD mortality risks.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National institute on Aging, Project Number AG000513. MK was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MR/S011676) and the US National Institute on Aging (R01AG062553) during the conduct of the study.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-98117-2en_US
dc.format.extent2 filesen_US
dc.genrejournal articlesen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2cg1z-crvi
dc.identifier.citationWeiss, Jordan et al.; Associations between race, APOE genotype, cognition, and mortality among urban middle-aged white and African American adults; Scientific Reports, volume 11, Article number: 19849, 6 October, 2021; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98117-2en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98117-2
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/23217
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherNatureen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Psychology Department Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis item is likely protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Copyright Law. Unless on a Creative Commons license, for uses protected by Copyright Law, contact the copyright holder or the author.en_US
dc.rightsPublic Domain Mark 1.0*
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/*
dc.titleAssociations between race, APOE genotype, cognition, and mortality among urban middle-aged white and African American adultsen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-3363en_US

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