Quantifying stratosphere-troposphere transport of ozone using balloon-borne ozonesondes, radar windprofilers and trajectory models

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dc.contributor.authorTarasick, D. W.
dc.contributor.authorCarey-Smith, T. K.
dc.contributor.authorHocking, W. K.
dc.contributor.authorMoeini, O.
dc.contributor.authorHe, H.
dc.contributor.authorLiu, J.
dc.contributor.authorOsman, M. K.
dc.contributor.authorThompson, Anne M.
dc.contributor.authorJohnson, B. J.
dc.contributor.authorOltmans, S. J.
dc.contributor.authorMerrill, J. T.
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-20T17:31:48Z
dc.date.available2024-06-20T17:31:48Z
dc.date.issued2019-02-01
dc.description.abstractIn a series of 10-day campaigns in Ontario and Quebec, Canada, between 2005 and 2007, ozonesondes were launched twice daily in conjunction with continuous high-resolution wind-profiling radar measurements. Windprofilers can measure rapid changes in the height of the tropopause, and in some cases follow stratospheric intrusions. Observed stratospheric intrusions were studied with the aid of a Lagrangian particle dispersion model and the Canadian operational weather forecast system. Definite stratosphere-troposphere transport (STT) events occurred approximately every 2–3 days during the spring and summer campaigns, whereas during autumn and winter, the frequency was reduced to every 4–5 days. Although most events reached the lower troposphere, only three events appear to have significantly contributed to ozone amounts in the surface boundary layer. Detailed calculations find that STT, while highly variable, is responsible for an average, over the seven campaigns, of 3.1% of boundary layer ozone (1.2 ppb), but 13% (5.4 ppb) in the lower troposphere and 34% (22 ppb) in the middle and upper troposphere, where these layers are defined as 0–1 km, 1–3 km, and 3–8 km respectively. Estimates based on counting laminae in ozonesonde profiles, with judicious choices of ozone and relative humidity thresholds, compare moderately well, on average, with these values. The lamina detection algorithm is then applied to a large dataset from four summer ozonesonde campaigns at 18 North American sites between 2006 and 2011. The results show some site-to-site and year-to-year variability, but stratospheric ozone contributions average 4.6% (boundary layer), 15% (lower troposphere) and 26% (middle/upper troposphere). Calculations were also performed based on the TOST global 3D trajectory-mapped ozone data product. Maps of STT in the same three layers of the troposphere suggest that the STT ozone flux is greater over the North American continent than Europe, and much greater in winter and spring than in summer or fall. When averaged over all seasons, magnitudes over North America show similar ratios between levels to the previous calculations, but are overall 3–4 times smaller. This may be because of limitations (trajectory length and vertical resolution) to the current TOST-based calculation.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded primarily by the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Science, and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The McGill and Walsingham radars were installed with support from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation. Funding of the IONS ozonesondes was provided by Environment Canada; NOAA; NASA; U.S. EPA; Max Plank Institute for Chemistry, Mainz; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Valparaiso University; the University of Rhode Island; the California Department of Energy; the California Air Resources Board; and the Friends of the Green Horse Society via a grant from ExxonMobil Canada. The authors acknowledge valuable conversations with Owen Cooper of the University of Colorado/NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory,. Valuable technical support was provided by Gwyneth Carey-Smith, Jonathan Davies, Tim Officer, Mark van der Zanden and Ryan van der Zanden. The use of facilities at the Canadian Space Agency in Montreal was made possible with help from Stella Melo, Ron Wilkinson and Réjean Michaud. TOST data were obtained from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Center (WOUDC) operated by Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization.
dc.description.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231018307301
dc.format.extent14 pages
dc.genrejournal articles
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m20vcc-6pe2
dc.identifier.citationTarasick, D. W., T. K. Carey-Smith, W. K. Hocking, O. Moeini, H. He, J. Liu, M. K. Osman, et al. “Quantifying Stratosphere-Troposphere Transport of Ozone Using Balloon-Borne Ozonesondes, Radar Windprofilers and Trajectory Models.” Atmospheric Environment 198 (February 1, 2019): 496–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.10.040.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.10.040
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/34703
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC GESTAR II
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
dc.rightsPublic Domain
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
dc.subjectOzone
dc.subjectOzonesondes
dc.subjectRadar windprofilers
dc.subjectStratospheretroposphere
dc.subjectStratospheric intrusions
dc.subjectTransport
dc.titleQuantifying stratosphere-troposphere transport of ozone using balloon-borne ozonesondes, radar windprofilers and trajectory models
dc.typeText
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-0920

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