Visual physiology underlying orientation and diel behavior in the sand beach amphipod Talorchestia longicornis

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dc.contributor.authorCohen, Jonathan H.
dc.contributor.authorCronin, Thomas W.
dc.contributor.authorLessios, Nicolas
dc.contributor.authorForward, Richard B. Jr
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-11T18:31:41Z
dc.date.available2019-04-11T18:31:41Z
dc.date.issued2010-08-23
dc.description.abstractTalitrid amphipods employ vision for zonal recovery behaviors on sand beaches and for entraining circadian activity rhythms. Using a hierarchy of methods, we examined visual spectral and response–intensity functions in Talorchestia longicornis, a species in which orientation and rhythm entrainment are wavelength-specific behaviors. Microspectrophotometry, electroretinogram recording and behavioral assays were used to determine visual pigments, retinal spectral sensitivity and wholeanimal spectral responsivity, respectively. Diel changes in absolute sensitivity were also investigated at retinal and whole-animal levels. Two receptor spectral classes were identified, with values for visual pigment max of 427 and 518nm. Retinal spectral sensitivity varied with electrode position along the distal–proximal axis. Chromatic adaptation of distal and proximal photoreceptors resulted in sensitivity peaks at 430 and 522nm, respectively. In accordance with identified visual pigments and spectral sensitivity, T. longicornis photobehavioral responsivity covered a broad range (420–580nm). Collectively, a dualpigment visual system underlies wavelength-specific behavior in T. longicornis, with the short-wavelength pigment likely to be localized in the distal R5 retinular cell. While response–intensity functions did not change over the diel cycle at the retinal level, behavioral photoresponsiveness varied between day and night. At a wavelength used by T. longicornis for celestial orientation (420nm), photobehavior was heightened at night, potentially aiding in nocturnal orientation. By contrast, at a wavelength used to entrain its circadian rhythm (520nm) and for routine visual tasks, photobehavior was heightened during the day, and spectral sensitivity matched to the twilight spectrum, facilitating crepuscular vision and entrainment by irradiance at sunrise and sunset.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded in part by the Eckerd College Faculty Development Fund (J.H.C.). N.L. was funded as a Rachel Carson Scholar. T.W.C. is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (IOS 0721608) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-09-1-0149).en_US
dc.description.urihttp://jeb.biologists.org/content/213/22/3843en_US
dc.format.extent9 pagesen_US
dc.genrejournal articlesen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2flfo-ns8y
dc.identifier.citationJonathan H. Cohen, Thomas W. Cronin, et.al, Visual physiology underlying orientation and diel behavior in the sand beach amphipod Talorchestia longicornis, The Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 3843-3851, DOI :10.1242/jeb.048686en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.048686
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/13398
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherThe Company of Biologists Ltden_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Biological Sciences Department Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis item is likely protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Copyright Law. Unless on a Creative Commons license, for uses protected by Copyright Law, contact the copyright holder or the author.
dc.rightsnon-commercial use only
dc.subjectvisionen_US
dc.subjectwavelengthen_US
dc.subjecttalitriden_US
dc.subjectmicrospectrophotometryen_US
dc.subjectelectroretinogramen_US
dc.subjectphototaxisen_US
dc.titleVisual physiology underlying orientation and diel behavior in the sand beach amphipod Talorchestia longicornisen_US
dc.typeTexten_US

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