Urban pollution greatly enhances formation of natural aerosols over the Amazon rainforest

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dc.contributor.authorShrivastava, Manish
dc.contributor.authorAndreae, Meinrat O.
dc.contributor.authorArtaxo, Paulo
dc.contributor.authorBarbosa, H. M. J.
dc.contributor.authorBerg, Larry K.
dc.contributor.authorBrito, Joel
dc.contributor.authorChing, Joseph
dc.contributor.authorEaster, Richard C.
dc.contributor.authorFan, Jiwen
dc.contributor.authorFast, Jerome D.
dc.contributor.authorFeng, Zhe
dc.contributor.authorFuentes, Jose D.
dc.contributor.authorGlasius, Marianne
dc.contributor.authorGoldstein, Allen H.
dc.contributor.authorAlves, Eliane Gomes
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Helber
dc.contributor.authorGu, Dasa
dc.contributor.authorGuenther, Alex
dc.contributor.authorJathar, Shantanu H.
dc.contributor.authorKim, Saewung
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Ying
dc.contributor.authorLou, Sijia
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Scot T.
dc.contributor.authorMcNeill, V. Faye
dc.contributor.authorMedeiros, Adan
dc.contributor.authorde Sá, Suzane S.
dc.contributor.authorShilling, John E.
dc.contributor.authorSpringston, Stephen R.
dc.contributor.authorSouza, R. a F.
dc.contributor.authorThornton, Joel A.
dc.contributor.authorIsaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorYee, Lindsay D.
dc.contributor.authorYnoue, Rita
dc.contributor.authorZaveri, Rahul A.
dc.contributor.authorZelenyuk, Alla
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Chun
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-28T18:10:20Z
dc.date.available2024-06-28T18:10:20Z
dc.date.issued2019-03-05
dc.description.abstractOne of the least understood aspects in atmospheric chemistry is how urban emissions influence the formation of natural organic aerosols, which affect Earth’s energy budget. The Amazon rainforest, during its wet season, is one of the few remaining places on Earth where atmospheric chemistry transitions between preindustrial and urban-influenced conditions. Here, we integrate insights from several laboratory measurements and simulate the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the Amazon using a high-resolution chemical transport model. Simulations show that emissions of nitrogen-oxides from Manaus, a city of ~2 million people, greatly enhance production of biogenic SOA by 60–200% on average with peak enhancements of 400%, through the increased oxidation of gas-phase organic carbon emitted by the forests. Simulated enhancements agree with aircraft measurements, and are much larger than those reported over other locations. The implication is that increasing anthropogenic emissions in the future might substantially enhance biogenic SOA in pristine locations like the Amazon.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological, and Environmental Research’s Atmospheric System Research (ASR) program. Dr. Shrivastava was also supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research through the Early Career Research Program. The authors thank the G-1 flight and ground crews for supporting the GoAmazon 2014/5 mission. Funding for data collection onboard the G-1 aircraft and at the ground sites was provided by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science user facility sponsored by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. R.Y. support at PNNL was provided by the US Department of Energy under the GoAmazon2014/5 project (Proc. no. 13/50521-7). J.A.T. was supported through a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science DE-SC0018221. We acknowledge the support from the Central Office of the Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA), the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), and the Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA and FAPEAM/GOAMAZON). P.A. was supported by FAPESP grants 2013/05014-0 and 2017/17047-0. The work was conducted under licenses 001030/2012-4 and 001262/2012-2 of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). Computational resources for the simulations were provided by the PNNL Institutional Computing (PIC) facility and EMSL (a DOE Office of Science User Facility sponsored by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research located at PNNL).
dc.description.urihttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-08909-4
dc.format.extent12 pages
dc.genrejournal articles
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2ts2i-kha7
dc.identifier.citationShrivastava, Manish, Meinrat O. Andreae, Paulo Artaxo, Henrique M. J. Barbosa, Larry K. Berg, Joel Brito, Joseph Ching, et al. “Urban Pollution Greatly Enhances Formation of Natural Aerosols over the Amazon Rainforest.” Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (March 5, 2019): 1046. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08909-4.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08909-4
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/34808
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherNature
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Physics Department
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
dc.rightsPublic Domain
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
dc.subjectAtmospheric chemistry
dc.subjectBiogeochemistry
dc.subjectEnvironmental chemistry
dc.subjectEnvironmental impact
dc.titleUrban pollution greatly enhances formation of natural aerosols over the Amazon rainforest
dc.typeText
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-1855

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