Precision Spectral Measurements of Chromium and Titanium from 10 to 250 GeV=n and Sub-Iron to Iron Ratio with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station
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CALET Collaboration, O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, E. Berti, T. Hams, et al. “Precision Spectral Measurements of Chromium and Titanium from 10 to 250 GeV=n and Sub-Iron to Iron Ratio with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station.” Physical Review Letters 135, no. 2 (July 8, 2025): 021002. https://doi.org/10.1103/py17-74rk.
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This work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
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Abstract
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), in operation on the International Space Station since 2015, collected a large sample of cosmic-ray (CR) iron and sub-iron events over a wide energy interval. In this Letter, we report an update of our previous measurement of the iron flux and we present—for the first time—a high statistics measurement of the spectra of two sub-iron elements Cr and Ti in the energy interval from 10 to 250 GeV/𝑛. The analyses are based on 8 years of data. Differently from older generations of cosmic-ray instruments which, in most cases, could not resolve individual sub-iron elements, CALET can identify each nuclear species from proton to nickel (and beyond) with a measurement of their electric charge. Thanks to the improvement in statistics and a more refined assessment of systematic uncertainties, the iron spectral shape is better resolved, at high energy, than in our previous paper, and we report its flux ratio to chromium and titanium. The measured fluxes of Cr and Ti show energy dependences compatible with a single power law with spectral indices −2.74 ±0.06 and −2.88 ±0.06, respectively.