X-Ray Polarization of the Black Hole X-Ray Binary 4U 1630–47 Challenges the Standard Thin Accretion Disk Scenario

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dc.contributor.authorRatheesh, Ajay
dc.contributor.authorDovčiak, Michal
dc.contributor.authorKrawczynski, Henric
dc.contributor.authorPodgorný, Jakub
dc.contributor.authorMarra, Lorenzo
dc.contributor.authorVeledina, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorSuleimanov, Valery F.
dc.contributor.authorCavero, Nicole Rodriguez
dc.contributor.authorSteiner, James F.
dc.contributor.authorSvoboda, Jiří
dc.contributor.authorMarinucci, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorBianchi, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorNegro, Michela
dc.contributor.authorMatt, Giorgio
dc.contributor.authorTombesi, Francesco
dc.contributor.authorPoutanen, Juri
dc.contributor.authorIngram, Adam
dc.contributor.authorTaverna, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorWest, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorKaras, Vladimir
dc.contributor.authorUrsini, Francesco
dc.contributor.authorSoffitta, Paolo
dc.contributor.authorCapitanio, Fiamma
dc.contributor.authorViscolo, Domenico
dc.contributor.authorManfreda, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorMuleri, Fabio
dc.contributor.authorParra, Maxime
dc.contributor.authorBeheshtipour, Banafsheh
dc.contributor.authorChun, Sohee
dc.contributor.authorCibrario, Nicolò
dc.contributor.authorLalla, Niccolò Di
dc.contributor.authorFabiani, Sergio
dc.contributor.authorHu, Kun
dc.contributor.authorKaaret, Philip
dc.contributor.authorLoktev, Vladislav
dc.contributor.authorMikušincová, Romana
dc.contributor.authorMizuno, Tsunefumi
dc.contributor.authorOmodei, Nicola
dc.contributor.authorPetrucci, Pierre-Olivier
dc.contributor.authorPuccetti, Simonetta
dc.contributor.authorRankin, John
dc.contributor.authorZane, Silvia
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Sixuan
dc.contributor.authorAgudo, Iván
dc.contributor.authorAntonelli, Lucio A.
dc.contributor.authorBachetti, Matteo
dc.contributor.authorBaldini, Luca
dc.contributor.authorBaumgartner, Wayne H.
dc.contributor.authorBellazzini, Ronaldo
dc.contributor.authorBongiorno, Stephen D.
dc.contributor.authorBonino, Raffaella
dc.contributor.authorBrez, Alessandro
dc.contributor.authorBucciantini, Niccolò
dc.contributor.authorCastellano, Simone
dc.contributor.authorCavazzuti, Elisabetta
dc.contributor.authorChen, Chien-Ting
dc.contributor.authorCiprini, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Enrico
dc.contributor.authorRosa, Alessandra De
dc.contributor.authorMonte, Ettore Del
dc.contributor.authorGesu, Laura Di
dc.contributor.authorMarco, Alessandro Di
dc.contributor.authorDonnarumma, Immacolata
dc.contributor.authorDoroshenko, Victor
dc.contributor.authorEhlert, Steven R.
dc.contributor.authorEnoto, Teruaki
dc.contributor.authorEvangelista, Yuri
dc.contributor.authorFerrazzoli, Riccardo
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, Javier A.
dc.contributor.authorGunji, Shuichi
dc.contributor.authorHayashida, Kiyoshi
dc.contributor.authorHeyl, Jeremy
dc.contributor.authorIwakiri, Wataru
dc.contributor.authorJorstad, Svetlana G.
dc.contributor.authorKislat, Fabian
dc.contributor.authorKitaguchi, Takao
dc.contributor.authorKolodziejczak, Jeffery J.
dc.contributor.authorMonaca, Fabio La
dc.contributor.authorLatronico, Luca
dc.contributor.authorLiodakis, Ioannis
dc.contributor.authorMaldera, Simone
dc.contributor.authorMarin, Frédéric
dc.contributor.authorMarscher, Alan P.
dc.contributor.authorMarshall, Herman L.
dc.contributor.authorMassaro, Francesco
dc.contributor.authorMitsuishi, Ikuyuki
dc.contributor.authorNg, Stephen C.-Y.
dc.contributor.authorO’Dell, Stephen L.
dc.contributor.authorOppedisano, Chiara
dc.contributor.authorPapitto, Alessandro
dc.contributor.authorPavlov, George G.
dc.contributor.authorPeirson, Abel L.
dc.contributor.authorPerri, Matteo
dc.contributor.authorPesce-Rollins, Melissa
dc.contributor.authorPilia, Maura
dc.contributor.authorPossenti, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorRamsey, Brian D.
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, Oliver J.
dc.contributor.authorRomani, Roger W.
dc.contributor.authorSgrò, Carmelo
dc.contributor.authorSlane, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorSpandre, Gloria
dc.contributor.authorSwartz, Douglas A.
dc.contributor.authorTamagawa, Toru
dc.contributor.authorTavecchio, Fabrizio
dc.contributor.authorTawara, Yuzuru
dc.contributor.authorTennant, Allyn F.
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Nicholas E.
dc.contributor.authorTrois, Alessio
dc.contributor.authorTsygankov, Sergey S.
dc.contributor.authorTurolla, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorVink, Jacco
dc.contributor.authorWeisskopf, Martin C.
dc.contributor.authorWu, Kinwah
dc.contributor.authorXie, Fei
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-10T19:05:44Z
dc.date.available2024-04-10T19:05:44Z
dc.date.issued2024-03-20
dc.description.abstractA large energy-dependent X-ray polarization degree is detected by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) in the high-soft emission state of the black hole X-ray binary 4U 1630–47. The highly significant detection (at ≈50σ confidence level) of an unexpectedly high polarization, rising from ~6% at 2 keV to ~10% at 8 keV, cannot be easily reconciled with standard models of thin accretion disks. In this work, we compare the predictions of different theoretical models with the IXPE data and conclude that the observed polarization properties are compatible with a scenario in which matter accretes onto the black hole through a thin disk covered by a partially ionized atmosphere flowing away at mildly relativistic velocities.
dc.description.sponsorshipWe thank the anonymous reviewer for the suggestions in improving this manuscript. The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is a joint US and Italian mission. The US contribution is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led and managed by its Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), with industry partner Ball Aerospace (contract NNM15AA18C). The Italian contribution is supported by the Italian Space Agency (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ASI) through contract ASI-OHBI-2022-13- I.0, agreements ASI-INAF-2022-19-HH.0 and ASI-INFN2017.13-H0, and its Space Science Data Center (SSDC) with agreements ASI-INAF-2022-14-HH.0 and ASI-INFN 2021-43- HH.0, and by the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. This research used data products provided by the IXPE Team (MSFC, SSDC, INAF, and INFN) and distributed with additional software tools by the High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A.R. and F.T. thank Prof. Keigo Fukumura for useful discussions. M.D., J.Pod., J.S., and V.K. acknowledge the support from the Czech Science Foundation project GACR 21-06825X and the institutional support from the Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences RVO:67985815. J. Podgorný and V.K. thank the Czech-Polish mobility program (MŠMT 8J20PL037 and PPN/BCZ/2019/1/00069) and the European Space Agency PRODEX project 4000132152. M.D. and J. Podgorný especially thank Prof. Agata Ró?a?ska for explanations and guidance using the TITAN code. H.K., N.R.C., and A.W. acknowledge NASA support through grants NNX16AC42G, 80NSSC20K0329, 80NSSC20K0540, NAS8- 03060, 80NSSC21K1817, 80NSSC22K1291, and 80NSSC 22K1883 as well as support from the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences. A.V., J.Pou., V.L., and S.S.T. acknowledge support from Academy of Finland grants 349144 and 355672. V. F.S. acknowledges Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) support through grant WE 1312/59-1 and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) support through project 57525212. A.I. acknowledges support from the Royal Society. The French collaborators acknowledge financial support from the French High Energy national program from CNRS and from the French Space Agency (CNES). M.N. acknowledges the support by NASA under award No. 80GSFC21M0002
dc.description.urihttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad226e
dc.format.extent20 pages
dc.genrejournal articles
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2nhoo-nevz
dc.identifier.citationRatheesh, Ajay, Michal Dovčiak, Henric Krawczynski, Jakub Podgorný, Lorenzo Marra, Alexandra Veledina, Valery F. Suleimanov, et al. “X-Ray Polarization of the Black Hole X-Ray Binary 4U 1630–47 Challenges the Standard Thin Accretion Disk Scenario.” The Astrophysical Journal 964, no. 1 (March 2024): 77. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad226e.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad226e
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/32986
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherAAS
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Center for Space Sciences and Technology (CSST) / Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences & Technology II (CRSST II)
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
dc.rightsPublic Domain
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
dc.titleX-Ray Polarization of the Black Hole X-Ray Binary 4U 1630–47 Challenges the Standard Thin Accretion Disk Scenario
dc.typeText
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6548-5622

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