COVID-19 Crisis Reduces Free Tropospheric Ozone Across the Northern Hemisphere

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dc.contributor.authorSteinbrecht, Wolfgang
dc.contributor.authorKubistin, Dagmar
dc.contributor.authorPlass-Dülmer, Christian
dc.contributor.authorDavies, Jonathan
dc.contributor.authorThompson, Anne M.
dc.contributor.authoret al
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-12T19:44:56Z
dc.date.available2023-01-12T19:44:56Z
dc.date.issued2021-02-09
dc.descriptionAuthors:- Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Dagmar Kubistin, Christian Plass-Dülmer, Jonathan Davies, David W. Tarasick, Peter von der Gathen, Holger Deckelmann, Nis Jepsen, Rigel Kivi, Norrie Lyall, Matthias Palm, Justus Notholt, Bogumil Kois, Peter Oelsner, Marc Allaart, Ankie Piters, Michael Gill, Roeland Van Malderen, Andy W. Delcloo, Ralf Sussmann, Emmanuel Mahieu, Christian Servais, Gonzague Romanens, Rene Stübi, Gerard Ancellet, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Shoma Yamanouchi, Kimberly Strong, Bryan Johnson, Patrick Cullis, Irina Petropavlovskikh, James Hannigan, Jose-Luis Hernandez, Ana Diaz Rodriguez, Tatsumi Nakano, Fernando Chouza, Thierry Leblanc, Carlos Torres, Omaira Garcia, Amelie N. Röhling, Matthias Schneider, Thomas Blumenstock, Matt Tully, Clare Paton-Walsh, Nicholas Jones, Richard Querel, Susan Strahan, Ryan M. Stauffer, Anne M. Thompson, Antje Inness, Richard Engelen, Kai-Lan Chang , Owen R. Cooperen_US
dc.description.abstractThroughout spring and summer 2020, ozone stations in the northern extratropics recorded unusually low ozone in the free troposphere. From April to August, and from 1 to 8 kilometers altitude, ozone was on average 7% (≈4 nmol/mol) below the 2000–2020 climatological mean. Such low ozone, over several months, and at so many stations, has not been observed in any previous year since at least 2000. Atmospheric composition analyses from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service and simulations from the NASA GMI model indicate that the large 2020 springtime ozone depletion in the Arctic stratosphere contributed less than one-quarter of the observed tropospheric anomaly. The observed anomaly is consistent with recent chemistry-climate model simulations, which assume emissions reductions similar to those caused by the COVID-19 crisis. COVID-19 related emissions reductions appear to be the major cause for the observed reduced free tropospheric ozone in 2020.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors greatly acknowledge the know-how and the hard work of station personnel launching the ozonesondes and taking the ground-based meas-urements. Without their dedicated efforts over many years, and especially during the COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020, investigations like this one are not possible!Deutscher Wetterdienst funds the ozone program at Hohenpeißenberg and makes research like this possible.NOAA GML supported additional launches in Boulder and Trinidad Head in April and May 2020. NOAA and NA-SA's Upper Atmosphere Composition Observations (UACO) Program support the SHADOZ ozone soundings at Hilo, Pago-Pago (American Samoa) and Suva (Fiji). UACO also provides partial support for the Boulder FTIR and the Table Mountain Lidar.The NDACC FTIR stations Bremen, Ny-Ålesund, Izaña, Kiruna, and Zugspitze have been supported by the German Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) via DLR under grants 50EE1711A, 50EE1711B, and 50EE1711D. Izaña, Kiruna, and Zugspitze have also been supported by the Helmholtz Society via the research program ATMO.The FTIR measurements in Bremen and Ny-Ålesund receive additional sup-port by the Senate of Bremen, the FTIR measurements in Ny-Ålesund also by AWI Bremerhaven. The University of Bremen further acknowledges funding by DFG (German research foundation) TRR 172, Project Number 268020496, within the Transregional Collaborative Research Center “ArctiC Amplifica-tion: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and SurfaCe Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms (AC)3.”The University of Liège contribution has been supported primarily by the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, FNRS under grant J.0147.18, as well as by the CAMS project. EM is a senior research associate of the F.R.S.-FNRS.The Toronto FTIR measurements were supported by Environment and Climate Change Canada, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and the NSERC CRE-ATE Training Program in Technologies for Exo-Planetary Science.The University of the Wollongong thanks the Australian Research Council that has provided significant support over the years for the NDACC site at Wollongong, most recently as part of project DP160101598.Part of this research work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D004).The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. The NCAR FTS observation programs at Thule, GR and Boulder, CO are supported under contract by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Thule work is also supported by the NSF Office of Polar Programs (OPP). We wish to thank the Danish Meteorological Institute for support at the Thule site and NOAA for support of the MLO site.Key results for this manuscript were generated using Copernicus Atmos-phere Monitoring Service Information from the European Community.No author reports a financial (or other) conflict of interest.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020GL091987en_US
dc.format.extent11 pagesen_US
dc.genrejournal articlesen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2rtmn-djdk
dc.identifier.citationSteinbrecht, W., Kubistin, D., Plass-Dülmer, C., Davies, J., Tarasick, D. W., von der Gathen, P., et al. (2021). COVID-19 crisis reduces free tropospheric ozone across the Northern Hemisphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 48, e2020GL091987. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091987.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091987
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/26655
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherAGUen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.en_US
dc.rightsPublic Domain Mark 1.0*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/*
dc.titleCOVID-19 Crisis Reduces Free Tropospheric Ozone Across the Northern Hemisphereen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-0920en_US

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