Response of the Upper-Level Monsoon Anticyclones and Ozone to Abrupt CO₂ Changes

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dc.contributor.authorTweedy, Olga V.
dc.contributor.authorOman, Luke D.
dc.contributor.authorWaugh, Darryn W.
dc.contributor.authorSchoeberl, Mark R.
dc.contributor.authorDouglass, Anne R.
dc.contributor.authorLi, Feng
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-20T20:11:29Z
dc.date.available2023-01-20T20:11:29Z
dc.date.issued2021-10-05
dc.description.abstractThe summer monsoon anticyclones are the dominant climatological features of the Northern Hemispheric (NH) summertime circulation in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). However, the response of these anticyclones to the increased levels of E CO₂ remains highly uncertain, as does the impact on the distribution of UTLS ozone and other tracers. This study examines the response of the NH summertime monsoon anticyclones and UTLS ozone to the abrupt increase in E CO₂ forcing using output from a suite of coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model simulations. These models show an equatorward shift of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone, a weakening of the North American summer monsoon anticyclone, and a stronger westerly flow penetrating deep into the tropics above the Pacific Ocean and North America. We use additional idealized experiments from atmosphere-only general circulation models with prescribed SSTs and sea ice concentration to isolate the direct atmospheric radiative effects from the indirect effect of SST warming on the UTLS monsoon anticyclones. Comparison between atmosphere-only and coupled ocean–atmosphere experiments shows that SST warming is the principal mechanism producing UTLS monsoonal circulation changes. The 4*CO₂ experiments result in a significant reduction up to 40%–50% of the UTLS ozone in the northern tropics, which could have an impact on radiative balance near the surface.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipO. V. Tweedy was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Universities Space Research Association under contract with NASA. F. Li acknowledges the GEOSCCM simulations were funded by NASA's Atmospheric Composition Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP) under Grant NNX17AF62G. CMIP6 DECK simulations discussed in this study are available through the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF; https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/search/ cmip6/). The GEOSCCM is supported by the NASA Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction (MAP) program and by the Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS). The authors would like to acknowledge John Kummer for helpful discussion and comments of this work. The authos thank the three reviewers for their substantive comments, which helped to improve the manuscript.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2021JD034903en_US
dc.format.extent18 pagesen_US
dc.genrejournal articlesen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2v6v7-hf50
dc.identifier.citationTweedy, O. V., Oman, L. D., Waugh, D. W., Schoeberl, M. R., Douglass, A. R., & Li, F. (2021). Response of the upper-level monsoon anticyclones and ozone to abrupt CO₂ changes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126, e2021JD034903. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD034903.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD034903
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/26695
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherAGUen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC GESTAR II Collection
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.en_US
dc.rightsPublic Domain Mark 1.0*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/*
dc.titleResponse of the Upper-Level Monsoon Anticyclones and Ozone to Abrupt CO₂ Changesen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-0775en_US

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