Protected areas reduced poverty in Costa Rica and Thailand

Author/Creator ORCID

Date

2010-05-24

Department

Program

Citation of Original Publication

Andam, Kwaw S., Paul J. Ferraro, Katharine R. E. Sims, Andrew Healy, and Margaret B. Holland. “Protected Areas Reduced Poverty in Costa Rica and Thailand.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 22 (June 2010): 9996–10001. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0914177107.

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Abstract

As global efforts to protect ecosystems expand, the socioeconomic impact of protected areas on neighboring human communities continues to be a source of intense debate. The debate persists because previous studies do not directly measure socioeconomic outcomes and do not use appropriate comparison groups to account for potential confounders. We illustrate an approach using comprehensive national datasets and quasi-experimental matching methods. We estimate impacts of protected area systems on poverty in Costa Rica and Thailand and find that although communities near protected areas are indeed substantially poorer than national averages, an analysis based on comparison with appropriate controls does not support the hypothesis that these differences can be attributed to protected areas. In contrast, the results indicate that the net impact of ecosystem protection was to alleviate poverty.