Detection of X-ray Emission from a Bright Long-Period Radio Transient

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dc.contributor.authorWang, Ziteng
dc.contributor.authorRea, Nanda
dc.contributor.authorBao, Tong
dc.contributor.authorKaplan, David L.
dc.contributor.authorLenc, Emil
dc.contributor.authorWadiasingh, Zorawar
dc.contributor.authorHare, Jeremy
dc.contributor.authorZic, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorAnumarlapudi, Akash
dc.contributor.authorBera, Apurba
dc.contributor.authorBeniamini, Paz
dc.contributor.authorCooper, A. J.
dc.contributor.authorClarke, Tracy E.
dc.contributor.authorDeller, Adam T.
dc.contributor.authorDawson, J. R.
dc.contributor.authorGlowacki, Marcin
dc.contributor.authorHurley-Walker, Natasha
dc.contributor.authorMcSweeney, S. J.
dc.contributor.authorPolisensky, Emil J.
dc.contributor.authorPeters, Wendy M.
dc.contributor.authorYounes, George
dc.contributor.authorBannister, Keith W.
dc.contributor.authorCaleb, Manisha
dc.contributor.authorDage, Kristen C.
dc.contributor.authorJames, Clancy W.
dc.contributor.authorKasliwal, Mansi M.
dc.contributor.authorKarambelkar, Viraj
dc.contributor.authorLower, Marcus E.
dc.contributor.authorMori, Kaya
dc.contributor.authorOcker, Stella Koch
dc.contributor.authorPérez-Torres, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorQiu, Hao
dc.contributor.authorRose, Kovi
dc.contributor.authorShannon, Ryan M.
dc.contributor.authorTaub, Rhianna
dc.contributor.authorWang, Fayin
dc.contributor.authorWang, Yuanming
dc.contributor.authorZhao, Zhenyin
dc.contributor.authorBhat, N. D. R.
dc.contributor.authorDobie, Dougal
dc.contributor.authorDriessen, Laura N.
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Tara
dc.contributor.authorJaini, Akhil
dc.contributor.authorDeng, Xinping
dc.contributor.authorJahns-Schindler, Joscha N.
dc.contributor.authorLee, Y. W. J.
dc.contributor.authorPritchard, Joshua
dc.contributor.authorTuthill, John
dc.contributor.authorThyagarajan, Nithyanandan
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-01T14:55:28Z
dc.date.available2025-04-01T14:55:28Z
dc.date.issued2024-11-26
dc.description.abstractRecently, a class of long-period radio transients (LPTs) has been discovered, exhibiting emission on timescales thousands of times longer than radio pulsars. Several models had been proposed implicating either a strong magnetic field neutron star, isolated white dwarf pulsar, or a white dwarf binary system with a low-mass companion. While several models for LPTs also predict X-ray emission, no LPTs have been detected in X-rays despite extensive searches. Here we report the discovery of an extremely bright LPT (10-20 Jy in radio), ASKAP J1832-0911, which has coincident radio and X-ray emission, both with a 44.2-minute period. The X-ray and radio luminosities are correlated and vary by several orders of magnitude. These properties are unique amongst known Galactic objects and require a new explanation. We consider a ≳ 0.5 Myr old magnetar with a ≳ 10¹³ G crustal field, or an extremely magnetised white dwarf in a binary system with a dwarf companion, to be plausible explanations for ASKAP J1832-0911, although both explanations pose significant challenges to formation and emission theories. The X-ray detection also establishes a new class of hour-scale periodic X-ray transients of luminosity ~10³³ erg/s associated with exceptionally bright coherent radio emission.
dc.description.sponsorshipN.R. is supported by the European Research Council (ERC) via the Consolidator Grant “MAGNESIA” (No. 817661) and the Proof of Concept “DeepSpacePulse” (No. 101189496), by the Catalan grant SGR2021-01269, and by the program Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M. T.B. acknowledges financial support from the Framework per l’Attrazione e il Rafforzamento delle Eccellenze (FARE) per la ricerca in Italia (R20L5S39T9). D.K. is supported by NSF grant AST-1816492. Z.Wadiasingh, J.H., and G.Y. acknowledge support by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. P.B. acknowledges support from a NASA grant 80NSSC24K0770, a grant (no. 2020747) from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), Jerusalem, Israel and by a grant (no. 1649/23) from the Israel Science Foundation. A.J.C. acknowledges support from the Oxford Hintze Centre for Astrophysical Surveys which is funded through generous support from the Hintze Family Charitable Foundation. Basic research in radio astronomy at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. Construction and installation of VLITE was supported by the NRL Sustainment Restoration and Maintenance fund. M.G. is supported by the Australian Government through the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Projects funding scheme (DP210102103), and through UK STFC Grant ST/Y001117/1. M.G. acknowledges support from the Inter-University Institute for Data Intensive Astronomy (IDIA). IDIA is a partnership of the University of Cape Town, the University of Pretoria and the University of the Western Cape. For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. N.H.W. is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (project number FT190100231) M.C. acknowledges the support of an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award (project number DE220100819) funded by the Australian Government. C.W.J. acknowledges support by the Australian Government through the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Projects funding scheme (project DP210102103). M.E.L. receives support from the ARC Discovery Early Career Research Award DE250100508. The Chandra X-ray observation presented in this paper and partial funding for K. Mori are supported by SAO grant GO3-24121X. M.P.T. acknowledges financial support from the Severo Ochoa grant CEX2021-001131-S and from the National grant PID2023-147883NB-C21, funded by MCIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033. K.R. thanks the LSST-DA Data Science Fellowship Program, which is funded by LSST-DA, the Brinson Foundation, and the Moore Foundation; Their participation in the program has benefited this work. A.T.D., R.M.S., Y.W., J.N.J.S. and Y.W.J.L. acknowledge support through Australia Research Council Discovery Project DP220102305. R.T. acknowledges support from funding provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), under award number 80NSSC20M0124, Michigan Space Grant Consortium (MSGC). F.W. was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 12273009). Parts of this research were conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav), through project numbers CE170100004 and CE230100016.
dc.description.urihttp://arxiv.org/abs/2411.16606
dc.format.extent52 pages
dc.genrejournal articles
dc.genrepreprints
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2hwke-ug7w
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.16606
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/37900
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Center for Space Sciences and Technology (CSST) / Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences & Technology II (CRSST II)
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
dc.rightsPublic Domain
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
dc.subjectAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
dc.titleDetection of X-ray Emission from a Bright Long-Period Radio Transient
dc.typeText
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7991-028X

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