A Cross-correlation Study between IceCube Neutrino Events and the Fermi Unresolved Gamma-ray Sky
| dc.contributor.author | Negro, Michela | |
| dc.contributor.author | Crnogorčević, Milena | |
| dc.contributor.author | Burns, Eric | |
| dc.contributor.author | Charles, Eric | |
| dc.contributor.author | Marcotulli, Lea | |
| dc.contributor.author | Caputo, Regina | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-05-22T19:16:00Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-05-22T19:16:00Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-04-21 | |
| dc.description.abstract | With the coincident detections of electromagnetic radiation together with gravitational waves (GW170817) or neutrinos (TXS 0506+056), the new era of multimessenger astrophysics has begun. Of particular interest are the searches for correlation between the high-energy astrophysical neutrinos detected by the IceCube Observatory and gamma-ray photons detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). So far, only sources detected by the LAT have been considered in correlation with IceCube neutrinos, neglecting any emission from sources too faint to be resolved individually. Here, we present the first cross-correlation analysis considering the unresolved gamma-ray background (UGRB) and IceCube events. We perform a thorough sensitivity study and, given the lack of identified correlation, we place upper limits on the fraction of the observed neutrinos that would be produced in proton-proton (p-p) or proton-gamma (p-gamma) interactions from the population of sources contributing to the UGRB emission and dominating its spatial anisotropy (aka blazars). Our analysis suggests that, under the assumption that there is no intrinsic cutoff and/or hardening of the spectrum above Fermi-LAT energies, and that all gamma-rays from the unresolved blazars dominating the UGRB fluctuation field are produced by neutral pions from p-p (p-gamma) interactions, up to 60% (30%) of such population may contribute to the total neutrino events observed by IceCube. This translates into a O(1%) maximum contribution to the astrophysical high-energy neutrino flux observed by IceCube at 100 TeV. | en_US |
| dc.description.sponsorship | We acknowledge Micheal Larson and Ke Feng for crucial insights on the correct use of the IceCube public data and on the high-energy neutrino astrophysics. We also acknowledge Alessandro Cuoco for serving as LAT internal referee and for the useful suggestions on how to approach the cross-correlation analysis. MN and MC acknowledge that the material is based upon work supported by NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002. LM acknowledges that support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant #HST-HF2-51486.001-A, awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the healpy and HEALPix package. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat `a l’Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / Institut National de Physique Nucl´eaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales in France. This work performed ´ in part under DOE Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. | en_US |
| dc.description.uri | https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.10934 | en_US |
| dc.format.extent | 20 pages | en_US |
| dc.genre | journal articles | en_US |
| dc.genre | preprints | en_US |
| dc.identifier | doi:10.13016/m2fygk-k0i6 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.10934 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11603/28045 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.relation.isAvailableAt | The University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) | |
| dc.relation.ispartof | UMBC Center for Space Sciences and Technology | |
| dc.relation.ispartof | UMBC Faculty Collection | |
| dc.rights | This work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law. | en_US |
| dc.rights | Public Domain Mark 1.0 | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ | * |
| dc.title | A Cross-correlation Study between IceCube Neutrino Events and the Fermi Unresolved Gamma-ray Sky | en_US |
| dc.type | Text | en_US |
| dcterms.creator | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6548-5622 | en_US |