Taxonomic revision of Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Nearctic region

Abstract

Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a genus in the Prenolepis genus-group of formicine ants. They are distinguished from other formicine genera by the presence of six (rarely seven) mandibular teeth, paired macrosetae on the head and mesosoma, and a global distribution. Over 130 species have been described, 13 of which are from the Nearctic region, which includes Canada, the United States, and areas of northern and central Mexico. Two species are newly described from the Nearctic region: N. querna and N. trageri, both from the central United States. All castes of each taxon are accompanied by images and known distribution maps. Updated keys for both workers and males include these new taxa. Worker morphology is frequently convergent and male features have proven effective in distinguishing species, and special attention is focused on the male caste. It is not unlikely that further analysis of widespread species would indicate cryptic complexes. Discussion follows on discovery of new species, biogeography, and social parasitism in the clade.