Can Asian dust trigger phytoplankton blooms in the oligotrophic northern South China Sea?

Date

2012-03-15

Department

Program

Citation of Original Publication

Wang, Sheng-Hsiang, N. Christina Hsu, Si-Chee Tsay, Neng-Huei Lin, Andrew M. Sayer, Shih-Jen Huang, and William K. M. Lau. “Can Asian Dust Trigger Phytoplankton Blooms in the Oligotrophic Northern South China Sea?” Geophysical Research Letters 39, no. 5 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050415.

Rights

This work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
Public Domain

Abstract

Satellite data estimate a high dust deposition flux (~18 g m⁻² a⁻¹) into the northern South China Sea (SCS). However, observational evidence concerning any biological response to dust fertilization is sparse. In this study, we combined long-term aerosol and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) measurements from satellite sensors (MODIS and SeaWiFS) with a 16-year record of dust events from surface PM₁₀ observations to investigate dust transport, flux, and the changes in Chl-a concentration over the northern SCS. Our result revealed that readily identifiable strong dust events over this region, although relatively rare (6 cases since 1994) and accounting for only a small proportion of the total dust deposition (~0.28 g m⁻² a⁻¹), do occur and could significantly enhance phytoplankton blooms. Following such events, the Chl-a concentration increased up to 4-fold, and generally doubled the springtime background value (0.15 mg m⁻³). We suggest these heavy dust events contain readily bioavailable iron and enhance the phytoplankton growth in the oligotrophic northern SCS.