Queering 'Common Sense': Using Critical Discourse Analysis of LGBTQ Book Bans in Florida Public Schools to Unmask Heteronormativity

Abstract

Historically, censorship of LGBTQ+ content in education has been rooted in socio-political efforts to marginalize non-heteronormative identities. However, even those who oppose censorship tend to frame their arguments around concepts like "age-appropriateness" and "protecting children." Our Critical Discourse Analysis examines formal challenges to And Tango Makes Three in one Florida school district in 2022 to show how these concepts are deployed on both sides of the debate. The book, depicting a same-sex penguin couple raising a chick, faced objections under Florida's HB 1557, a law designed to restrict discussions of sexual orientation and gender identity in schools. Ultimately, the picture book was removed from the shelves despite proponents advocating for its educational value. Our analysis examines how both opponents and proponents of LGBTQ+ children's literature rely on "common sense" discourse and arguments about "age appropriateness" to support their claims. We argue that such discursive moves, while seemingly neutral, perpetuate discriminatory ideologies and reinforce normative power structures. Given that both sides' appeals to common sense and age-appropriateness fail to challenge and often reinforce exclusionary beliefs, we argue that advocates should look beyond common sense and instead draw on queer theory as a resource in these struggles against censorship. Effective advocacy must confront how heteronormative assumptions are embedded in educational policies and practices. Queer theory offers a powerful framework to reimagine advocacy strategies, challenging the notion of political neutrality by exposing how what appears to be unbiased or "common sense" is often deeply embedded in normative assumptions and power dynamics. By reframing the discourse, advocates can challenge and dismantle the underlying heteronormative ideologies. Embracing queer theoretical insights can lead to a more inclusive and equitable environment, where LGBTQ+ literature is celebrated for its role in promoting diversity, challenging normative constructs, and reimagining educational environments and social worlds.