Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations

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dc.contributor.authorHammer, Melanie S.
dc.contributor.authorDonkelaar, Aaron van
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Randall V.
dc.contributor.authorMcDuffie, Erin E.
dc.contributor.authorLyapustin, Alexei
dc.contributor.authorSayer, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorHsu, N. Christina
dc.contributor.authorLevy, Robert C.
dc.contributor.authorGaray, Michael J.
dc.contributor.authorKalashnikova, Olga V.
dc.contributor.authorKahn, Ralph A.
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-01T14:44:35Z
dc.date.available2023-11-01T14:44:35Z
dc.date.issued2021-06-23
dc.description.abstractLockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine the effects of human activity on air quality. The effects on fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) are of particular interest, as PM₂.₅ is the leading environmental risk factor for mortality globally. We map global PM₂.₅ concentrations for January to April 2020 with a focus on China, Europe, and North America using a combination of satellite data, simulation, and ground-based observations. We examine PM₂.₅ concentrations during lockdown periods in 2020 compared to the same periods in 2018 to 2019. We find changes in population-weighted mean PM₂.₅ concentrations during the lockdowns of −11 to −15 μg/m³ across China, +1 to −2 μg/m³ across Europe, and 0 to −2 μg/m³ across North America. We explain these changes through a combination of meteorology and emission reductions, mostly due to transportation. This work demonstrates regional differences in the sensitivity of PM₂.₅ to emission sources.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by Washington University in St. Louis, by the NASA Applied Sciences Program (20-HAQ2D-0031), by Health Canada (4500358772), and by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. Portions of this work were performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA.en
dc.description.urihttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abg7670en
dc.format.extent11 pagesen
dc.genrejournal articlesen
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m26sep-klqx
dc.identifier.citationHammer, Melanie S., Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Erin E. McDuffie, Alexei Lyapustin, Andrew M. Sayer, N. Christina Hsu, et al. “Effects of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations.” Science Advances 7, no. 26 (June 23, 2021): eabg7670. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg7670.en
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg7670
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/30479
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAAASen
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC GESTAR II Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsPublic Domain Mark 1.0*
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/*
dc.titleEffects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrationsen
dc.typeTexten
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9149-1789en

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