Ground-based High Spectral Resolution Lidar observation of aerosol vertical distribution in the summertime Southeast United States

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dc.contributor.authorReid, Jeffrey S.
dc.contributor.authorKuehn, Ralph E.
dc.contributor.authorHolz, Robert E.
dc.contributor.authorEloranta, Edwin W.
dc.contributor.authorKaku, Kathleen C.
dc.contributor.authorKuang, Shi
dc.contributor.authorNewchurch, Michael J.
dc.contributor.authorThompson, Anne M.
dc.contributor.authorTrepte, Charles R.
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Jianglong
dc.contributor.authorAtwood, Samuel A.
dc.contributor.authorHand, Jenny L.
dc.contributor.authorHolben, Brent N.
dc.contributor.authorMinnis, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorPosselt, Derek J.
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-20T17:32:03Z
dc.date.available2024-06-20T17:32:03Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractAs part of the Southeast United States-based Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC⁴RS), and collinear with part of the Southeast Atmosphere Study, the University of Wisconsin High Spectral Resolution Lidar system was deployed to the University of Alabama from 19 June to 4 November 2013. With a collocated Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sun photometer, a nearby Chemical Speciation Network (PM₂.₅) measurement station, and near daily ozonesonde releases for the August–September SEAC⁴RS campaign, the site allowed the region's first comprehensive diurnal monitoring of aerosol particle vertical structure. A 532 nm lidar ratio of 55 sr provided good closure between aerosol backscatter and AERONET (aerosol optical thickness, AOT). A principle component analysis was performed to identify key modes of variability in aerosol backscatter. “Fair weather” days exhibited classic planetary boundary layer structure of a mixed layer accounting for ~50% of AOT and an entrainment zone providing another 25%. An additional 5–15% of variance is gained from the lower free troposphere from either convective detrainment or frequent intrusions of western United States biomass burning smoke. Generally, aerosol particles were contained below the 0°C level, a common level of stability in convective regimes. However, occasional strong injections of smoke to the upper troposphere were also observed, accounting for the remaining 10–15% variability in AOT. Examples of these common modes of variability in frontal and convective regimes are presented, demonstrating why AOT often has only a weak relationship to surface PM₂.₅ concentration.
dc.description.sponsorshipWe are grateful to the senior leadership, management and scientists of the SEAC4RS campaign, including campaign lead Owen B. Toon of the University of Colorado Boulder. Like all large field missions, the SEAC4RS mission could not have occurred without the generous aid of regional scientists and engineers. We are grateful to the University of Alabama Regional Atmospheric Profiling Center for Discovery for the willingness to host and maintain the lidar as well as aid in the releasing of Southeast American Consortium for Intensive Ozonesonde Network Study ozonesondes. We also wish to thank the staff of the National Space Sciences Technology Center for other ancillary data set, which, were not all shown in this paper, nevertheless helped us in interpreting the lidar signal. Similarly, we are grateful to the staff supporting the CSN air quality network. Funding for the deployment of the UW-HSRL was provided by the CALIPSO science team as a contribution to the SEAC4RS program. Analysis of the data presented here was provided by a NASA Atmospheric Composition Campaign Data Analysis and Modeling program (NNH14AY68I) and the Office of Naval Research Code 322 (N0001414AF00002). The SEACIONS network, organized at NASA/Goddard, was initially supported through a Grant to Penn State (NNX12AF05G). IMPROVE is a collaborative association of state, tribal, and federal agencies and international partners. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is the primary funding source, with contracting and research support from the National Park Service. The Air Quality Group at the University of California, Davis, is the central analytical laboratory, with ion analysis provided by the Research Triangle Institute and carbon analysis provided by the Desert Research Institute. IMPROVE data are available for download (http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve and http://views.cira.colostate.edu/fed). Lidar data presented here are available online at http://lidar.ssec.wisc.edu/. Data access was last verified for these sites on 14 January 2017. Finally, we are grateful for many helpful comments from three anonymous reviewers.
dc.description.urihttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2016JD025798
dc.format.extent35 pages
dc.genreJournal articles
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2urus-kbcw
dc.identifier.citationReid, Jeffrey S., Ralph E. Kuehn, Robert E. Holz, Edwin W. Eloranta, Kathleen C. Kaku, Shi Kuang, Michael J. Newchurch, et al. “Ground-Based High Spectral Resolution Lidar Observation of Aerosol Vertical Distribution in the Summertime Southeast United States.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 122, no. 5 (2017): 2970–3004. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025798.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025798
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/34733
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherAGU
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC GESTAR II
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
dc.rightsPublic Domain
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
dc.subjectaerosol
dc.subjectconvection
dc.subjectlidar
dc.subjectpollution
dc.subjectSEAC4RS
dc.subjectSoutheast United States
dc.titleGround-based High Spectral Resolution Lidar observation of aerosol vertical distribution in the summertime Southeast United States
dc.typeText
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-0920

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