Environmental Controls on Isolated Convection during the Amazonian Wet Season

dc.contributor.authorViscardi, Leandro Alex Moreira
dc.contributor.authorTorri, Giuseppe
dc.contributor.authorAdams, David K.
dc.contributor.authorBarbosa, H. M. J.
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-02T16:37:33Z
dc.date.available2024-01-02T16:37:33Z
dc.date.issued2024-08-01
dc.description.abstractThe Amazon rainforest is a vital component of the global climate system, influencing the hydrological cycle and tropical circulation. However, understanding and modeling the evolution of convection in this region remain a scientific challenge. Here, we assess the environmental conditions associated with shallow, congestus, and isolated deep convection days during the wet season (December to April), employing measurements from the Green Ocean Amazon 2014–2015 (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment and large-scale wind fields from the constrained variational analysis. Composites of deep days show moister than average conditions below 3 km early in the morning. Analyzing the water budget at the surface through observations only, we estimated the water vapor convergence term as a residual of the water balance closure. Convergence remains nearly zero during the deep days until early afternoon (13:00 LST), when it becomes a dominant factor in the water budget. At 14:00 LST, the deep days experience a robust upward large-scale vertical velocity, especially above 4 km, which supports the shallow-to-deep convective transition occurring around 16:00–17:00 LST. In contrast, shallow and congestus days exhibit drier pre-convective conditions, along with diurnal water vapor divergence and large-scale subsidence that extend from the surface to the lower free troposphere. Moreover, afternoon precipitation exhibits the strongest linear correlation (0.6) with large-scale vertical velocity, nearly double the magnitude observed for other environmental factors, even moisture, at different levels and periods of the day. Precipitation also exhibits a moderate increase with low-level wind shear, while upper-level shear has a relatively minor negative impact on convection.
dc.description.sponsorshipWe acknowledge the data from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division. L.A.M.V. acknowledges the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) graduate fellowship (grant number 148652/2019-0) for supporting his doctoral studies at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. Additionally, gratitude is extended to the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) fellowship (grant number 88887.571091/2020-00) for supporting 6 months of a visiting graduate student program at the University of Hawai‘i at Manoa, United States, during his doctoral journey. ¯ H.M.J.B acknowledges support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research program under Award Number DE-SC-0023058.
dc.description.urihttps://acp.copernicus.org/articles/24/8529/2024/
dc.format.extent20 pages
dc.genrejournal articles
dc.identifier.citationViscardi, Leandro Alex Moreira, Giuseppe Torri, David K. Adams, and Henrique de Melo Jorge Barbosa. “Environmental Controls on Isolated Convection during the Amazonian Wet Season.” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 15 (August 1, 2024): 8529–48. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8529-2024.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8529-2024
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/31163
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherEGU
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Physics Department Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis item is likely protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Copyright Law. Unless on a Creative Commons license, for uses protected by Copyright Law, contact the copyright holder or the author.
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0 DEED Attribution 4.0 International en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.titleEnvironmental Controls on Isolated Convection during the Amazonian Wet Season
dc.typeText
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-1855

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