Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing Cap Gene of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Confers Protection in Mice and Induced Long-Lasting Neutralizing Antibodies in Pigs

dc.contributor.authorDey, Sohini
dc.contributor.authorMurugasamy, Rudhreswaran
dc.contributor.authorBuragohain, Lukumoni
dc.contributor.authorD’silva, Ajai Lawrence
dc.contributor.authorSarma, Jayashree
dc.contributor.authorBharali, Arpita
dc.contributor.authorRamakrishnan, Saravanan
dc.contributor.authorSaminathan, Mani
dc.contributor.authorBarman, Nagendra Nath
dc.contributor.authorVakharia, Vikram
dc.contributor.authorChellappa, Madhan Mohan
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-11T17:01:56Z
dc.date.available2024-12-11T17:01:56Z
dc.date.issued2024-11-15
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection poses significant health and economic challenges to the global swine industry. The disease in pigs leads to lymphoid depletion, resulting in immunosuppression and increased susceptibility to co-infections with other bacterial and viral pathogens. This study evaluated the efficacy of two novel recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain R2B vectored vaccines that express the cap gene of PCV2 alone and along with the transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail (TMCT) domains of the NDV F gene. The efficacy of the vaccine candidates was studied in mouse and pig models. Methods: Six-week-old BALB/c mice were divided into five groups and immunized intramuscularly three times at 14-day intervals with various vaccine candidates, namely rNDV-R2B-PCVcap-TMCT, rNDV-R2B-PCVcap, and CircoFLEX commercial vaccine, along with controls. Following immunization and PCV2d virus challenge, multiple assays assessed the immune responses in animal trials. In the pig animal trial, pigs were divided into four groups: a control group (PBS), NDV-vectored PCVcap-TMCT group, NDV-vectored-PCVcap group, and CircoFLEX vaccine group. Pigs were immunized intramuscularly twice at 28-day intervals. Blood samples were collected at regular intervals over 70 days to evaluate the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Results: Both mice and pigs’ trials indicated that the NDV-vectored PCV2 cap-TMCT vaccine candidate elicited superior immune responses. In mice, the rNDV-R2B-PCVcap-TMCT group showed enhanced humoral and cellular immunity, increased PCV2-specific antibody levels, higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio, elevated IFN-γ and TNF-α levels, decreased IL-10 levels, reduced viral loads, and minimal histopathological changes. In pigs, the NDV-vectored PCVcap-TMCT group demonstrated better antibody responses, cytokine profiles (IFN-γ and IL-10), and higher levels of PCV2-specific neutralizing antibodies against the PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2d genotypes when compared to other groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest NDV-vectored PCVcap-TMCT vaccine candidate, expressing the cap gene of PCV2 along with the TMCT domain, offers a promising alternative for protecting against PCV2 infection, potentially addressing the challenges posed by emerging PCV2 strains in the swine industry.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe research work was supported by a grant from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (BT/PR33050/ADV/90/277/2019) awarded to S.D. and N.N.B.
dc.description.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/11/1285
dc.format.extent17 pages
dc.genrejournal articles
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2ol0l-czsa
dc.identifier.citationDey, Sohini, Rudhreswaran Murugasamy, Lukumoni Buragohain, Ajai Lawrence D’silva, Jayashree Sarma, Arpita Bharali, Saravanan Ramakrishnan, et al. “Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing Cap Gene of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Confers Protection in Mice and Induced Long-Lasting Neutralizing Antibodies in Pigs.” Vaccines 12, no. 11 (November 2024): 1285. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12111285.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12111285
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/37009
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Department of Marine Biotechnology
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectPorcine Circovirus 2
dc.subjectrecombinant vector
dc.subjectimmune response
dc.subjectmice and pig models
dc.subjectNewcastle disease virus
dc.titleNewcastle Disease Virus Expressing Cap Gene of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Confers Protection in Mice and Induced Long-Lasting Neutralizing Antibodies in Pigs
dc.typeText
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0955-3010

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