A review of Earth Artificial Intelligence
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Author/Creator ORCID
Date
2022-01-11
Type of Work
Department
Program
Citation of Original Publication
Sun, Ziheng et al. "A review of Earth Artificial Intelligence." Computers & Geosciences, 159 (11 January 2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2022.105034.
Rights
This work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
Public Domain Mark 1.0
Public Domain Mark 1.0
Subjects
Abstract
In recent years, Earth system sciences are urgently calling for innovation on improving accuracy, enhancing
model intelligence level, scaling up operation, and reducing costs in many subdomains amid the exponentially
accumulated datasets and the promising artificial intelligence (AI) revolution in computer science. This paper
presents work led by the NASA Earth Science Data Systems Working Groups and ESIP machine learning cluster to
give a comprehensive overview of AI in Earth sciences. It holistically introduces the current status, technology,
use cases, challenges, and opportunities, and provides all the levels of AI practitioners in geosciences with an
overall big picture and to “blow away the fog to get a clearer vision” about the future development of Earth AI.
The paper covers all the majorspheres in the Earth system and investigates representative AI research in each
domain. Widely used AI algorithms and computing cyberinfrastructure are briefly introduced. The mandatory
steps in a typical workflow of specializing AI to solve Earth scientific problems are decomposed and analyzed.
Eventually, it concludes with the grand challenges and reveals the opportunities to give some guidance and prewarnings on allocating resources wisely to achieve the ambitious Earth AI goals in the future.