Predicted Arctic sea ice cover in the GEOS S2S system, version 3

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Citation of Original Publication

Cullather, Richard, Yongfei Zhang, Andrea Molod, Bin Zhao, Lauren Andrews, Nathan Arnold, Young-Kwon Lim, Veronica Ruiz-Xomchuk, et al. “Predicted Arctic Sea Ice Cover in the GEOS S2S System, Version 3,” June 20, 2025. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20250006389

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This work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
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Abstract

Arctic sea ice extent is a significant climate variable and a key indicator of Arctic conditions. With less sea ice, there is an expectation of an increased human presence in the Arctic related to commerce, military, and indigenous activities. Seasonal predictions of the sea ice cover are important for assessing our understanding of the associated physical processes, and for the adequate planning of various endeavors. Many centers continue to provide routine seasonal forecasts of sea ice extent; methods continue to be explored.