CALET Search for Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Waves during the LIGO/Virgo O3 Run

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dc.contributor.authorAdriani, O.
dc.contributor.authorAkaike, Y.
dc.contributor.authorAsano, K.
dc.contributor.authorAsaoka, Y.
dc.contributor.authorCannady, Nicholas
dc.contributor.authorHams, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorSakai, Kazuhiro
dc.contributor.authoret al
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-27T19:25:17Z
dc.date.available2022-07-27T19:25:17Z
dc.date.issued2022-07-06
dc.descriptionAuthors: O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, W. R. Binns, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, A. Bruno, J. H. Buckley, N. Cannady, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, K. Ebisawa, A. W. Ficklin, H. Fuke, S. Gonzi, T. G. Guzik, T. Hams, K. Hibino, M. Ichimura, K. Ioka, W. Ishizaki, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, J. Kataoka, R. Kataoka, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, N. Kawanaka, Y. Kawakubo, K. Kobayashi, K. Kohri, H. S. Krawczynski, J. F. Krizmanic, P. Maestro, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, A. A. Moiseev, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, S. Nakahira, J. Nishimura, G. A. de Nolfo, S. Okuno, J. F. Ormes, N. Ospina, S. Ozawa, L. Pacini, P. Papini, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, K. Sakai, T. Sakamoto, M. Sasaki, Y. Shimizu, A. Shiomi, P. Spillantini, F. Stolzi, S. Sugita, A. Sulaj, M. Takita, T. Tamura, T. Terasawa, S. Torii, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, E. Vannuccini, J. P. Wefel, K. Yamaoka, S. Yanagita, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida, and W. V. Zoberen_US
dc.description.abstractThe CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station consists of a high-energy cosmic-ray CALorimeter (CAL) and a lower-energy CALET Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (CGBM). CAL is sensitive to electrons up to 20 TeV, cosmic-ray nuclei from Z = 1 through Z ∼ 40, and gamma rays over the range 1 GeV–10 TeV. CGBM observes gamma rays from 7 keV to 20 MeV. The combined CAL-CGBM instrument has conducted a search for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) since 2015 October. We report here on the results of a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave events reported during the LIGO/Virgo observing run O3. No events have been detected that pass all acceptance criteria. We describe the components, performance, and triggering algorithms of the CGBM—the two Hard X-ray Monitors consisting of LaBr3(Ce) scintillators sensitive to 7 keV–1 MeV gamma rays and a Soft Gamma-ray Monitor BGO scintillator sensitive to 40 keV–20 MeV—and the high-energy CAL consisting of a charge detection module, imaging calorimeter, and the fully active total absorption calorimeter. The analysis procedure is described and upper limits to the time-averaged fluxes are presented.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCALET is currently approved to continue operating through 2024. We gratefully acknowledge JAXA's contributions to the development of CALET and to the operations aboard the JEM-EF on the International Space Station. We also wish to express our sincere gratitude to Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) and NASA for their support of the CALET project. In Japan, this work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 26220708, 19H05608, 17H02901, 21K03592, and 20K22352 and by the MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities (2011–2015) (No.S1101021) at Waseda University. The CALET effort in Italy is supported by ASI under agreement 2013-018-R.0 and its amendments. The CALET effort in the United States is supported by NASA through Grants 80NSSC20K0397, 80NSSC20K0399, and NNH18ZDA001N-APRA18-000. A part of this research is made possible by use of data obtained from DARTS at ISAS/JAXA.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac6f53en_US
dc.format.extent16 pagesen_US
dc.genrejournal articlesen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2bx8p-sfjz
dc.identifier.citationO. Adriani et al. “CALET Search for Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Waves during the LIGO/Virgo O3 Run.” ApJ 933 85 (6 July 2022). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac6f53en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac6f53
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/25253
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherIOPen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Center for Space Sciences and Technology
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.en_US
dc.rightsPublic Domain Mark 1.0*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/*
dc.titleCALET Search for Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Waves during the LIGO/Virgo O3 Runen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2916-6955en_US

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