Transforming informal work and livelihoods in Costa Rica and Nicaragua

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dc.contributor.authorAlaniz, Enrique
dc.contributor.authorGindling, T.H.
dc.contributor.authorMata, Catherine
dc.contributor.authorRojas, Diego
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-22T17:45:11Z
dc.date.available2020-10-22T17:45:11Z
dc.date.issued2020-08
dc.description.abstractWe divide workers into six work statuses: formal self-employed, upper-tier informal self-employed, lower-tier informal self-employed, formal wage-employed, upper-tier informal wage-employed, and lower-tier informal wage-employed. In both Costa Rica and Nicaragua, earnings are highest for formal work, next for upper-tier informal, and last for lower-tier informal. Mobility out of lower-tier informal work is higher than out of all other work statuses. While many lower-tier informal workers leave employment or transition into other informal statuses, most transitions are from lower-tier informal into upper-tier informal and formal work. Transitions from all types of informality into formality are more common in Costa Rica than in Nicaragua, partly due to the larger proportion of formal workers within Costa Rica (58 per cent vs 19 per cent). Regressions of transitions on worker characteristics suggest that policies of providing vocational training and formal education to informal workers can promote transitions into betterpaying work statuses.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://www.wider.unu.edu/sites/default/files/Publications/Working-paper/PDF/wp2020-100.pdfen_US
dc.format.extent36 pagesen_US
dc.genrereportsen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2tlaz-lu6t
dc.identifier.citationAlaniz, Enrique; Gindling, T.H.; Mata, Catherine; Rojas, Diego; Transforming informal work and livelihoods in Costa Rica and Nicaragua; WIDER Working Paper 2020/100; https://www.wider.unu.edu/sites/default/files/Publications/Working-paper/PDF/wp2020-100.pdfen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.35188/UNU-WIDER/2020/857-3
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/19955
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherUNU-WIDERen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC School of Public Policy Collection
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis item is likely protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Copyright Law. Unless on a Creative Commons license, for uses protected by Copyright Law, contact the copyright holder or the author.
dc.subjectemploymenten_US
dc.subjectinformalen_US
dc.subjectworker mobilityen_US
dc.subjectCosta Ricaen_US
dc.subjectNicaraguaen_US
dc.titleTransforming informal work and livelihoods in Costa Rica and Nicaraguaen_US
dc.typeTexten_US

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