Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Helium Spectrum from 40 GeV to 250 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

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dc.contributor.authorCALET Collaboration
dc.contributor.authorAdriani, O.
dc.contributor.authorAkaike, Y.
dc.contributor.authorAsano, K.
dc.contributor.authorAsaoka, Y.
dc.contributor.authorCannady, Nicholas
dc.contributor.authorHams, T.
dc.contributor.authorSakai, K.
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-25T20:07:39Z
dc.date.available2023-05-25T20:07:39Z
dc.date.issued2023-04-27
dc.descriptionAuthors: - O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, W. R. Binns, M. Bongi, P. Brogi , A. Bruno, J. H. Buckley, N. Cannady, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, G. A. de Nolfo, K. Ebisawa, A. W. Ficklin, H. Fuke, S. Gonzi, T. G. Guzik, T. Hams, K. Hibino, M. Ichimura, K. Ioka, W. Ishizaki, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, J. Kataoka, R. Kataoka, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, N. Kawanaka, Y. Kawakubo, K. Kobayashi, K. Kohri, H. S. Krawczynski, J. F. Krizmanic, P. Maestro, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, A. A. Moiseev, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, S. Nakahira, J. Nishimura, S. Okuno, J. F. Ormes, S. Ozawa, L. Pacini, P. Papini, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, K. Sakai, T. Sakamoto, M. Sasaki, Y. Shimizu, A. Shiomi, P. Spillantini, F. Stolzi, S. Sugita, A. Sulaj, M. Takita, T. Tamura, T. Terasawa, S. Torii, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, E. Vannuccini, J. P. Wefel, K. Yamaoka, S. Yanagita, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida, and W. V. Zoberen_US
dc.description.abstractWe present the results of a direct measurement of the cosmic-ray helium spectrum with the CALET instrument in operation on the International Space Station since 2015. The observation period covered by this analysis spans from October 13, 2015, to April 30, 2022 (2392 days). The very wide dynamic range of CALET allowed for the collection of helium data over a large energy interval, from ∼40 GeV to ∼250 TeV, for the first time with a single instrument in low Earth orbit. The measured spectrum shows evidence of a deviation of the flux from a single power law by more than 8σ with a progressive spectral hardening from a few hundred GeV to a few tens of TeV. This result is consistent with the data reported by space instruments including PAMELA, AMS-02, and DAMPE and balloon instruments including CREAM. At higher energy we report the onset of a softening of the helium spectrum around 30 TeV (total kinetic energy). Though affected by large uncertainties in the highest energy bins, the observation of a flux reduction turns out to be consistent with the most recent results of DAMPE. A double broken power law is found to fit simultaneously both spectral features: the hardening (at lower energy) and the softening (at higher energy). A measurement of the proton to helium flux ratio in the energy range from 60 GeV/n to about 60 TeV/n is also presented, using the CALET proton flux recently updated with higher statistics.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshippropagation mechanisms. We gratefully acknowledge JAXA’s contributions to the development of CALET and to the operations aboard the JEM EF on the International Space Station. We also wish to express our sincere gratitude to ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana) and NASA for their support of the CALET project. This work was supported in part by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) Grant No. 19H05608, and by the MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities (2011–2015)(Grant No. S1101021) at Waseda University. The CALET effort in Italy is supported by ASI under Agreement No. 2013- 018-R.0 and its amendments. The CALET effort in the United States is supported by NASA through Grants No. 80NSSC20K0397, No. 80NSSC20K0399, and No. NNH18ZDA001N-APRA18-0004, and under Award No. 80GSFC21M0002.en_US
dc.description.urihttps://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.171002en_US
dc.format.extent8 pagesen_US
dc.genrejournal articlesen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.13016/m2bo1k-e2uk
dc.identifier.citationAdriani, O., et al. "Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Helium Spectrum from 40 GeV to 250 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station" Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 171002 (27 April, 2023). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.171002.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.171002
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11603/28095
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherAPSen_US
dc.relation.isAvailableAtThe University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Center for Space Sciences and Technology
dc.relation.ispartofUMBC Faculty Collection
dc.rightsThis work was written as part of one of the author's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.en_US
dc.rightsPublic Domain Mark 1.0*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/*
dc.titleDirect Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Helium Spectrum from 40 GeV to 250 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Stationen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dcterms.creatorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2916-6955en_US

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