Hood College Counseling, Care and Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Behavior
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Item DEFINITION AND EXAMINATION OF END-OF-LIFE APNEA (EOLA) AND VERBAL RESPONSIVENESS(Hood College, 2009-07) Al-Chokhachy, Elissa; Hood College Psychology & Counseling; Hood College ThanatologyVerbal responsiveness during apnea has never been scientifically measured in the terminally ill patient. A descriptive, hospice study examined any possible relationship between apnea and lack of verbal responsiveness. Study steps included the operational defining of end-of-life apnea (EOLA), the development and utilization of a scientific tool to measure end-of-life apnea, and the development and implementation of an Apnea Training Module to ensure interobserver reliability. Only one patient met EOLA study criteria. Although findings suggested a powerful relationship, results were clinically insignificant due to the limited number of study subjects. Also, a separate survey of fifteen metTopolitan hospice nurses revealed 56% were unaware of any relationship between apnea and verbal responsiveness. More extensive hospice research is necessary to determine if a significant relationship exists between apnea and lack of verbal responsiveness in the terminally ill. If so, EOLA education would be indicated for hospice staff and caregivers.Item The Common Integrative Framework (CIF)(2022-08) Abuhamada, Jacob; Sierra-Sosa, Daniel; Hood College Department of Psychology & Counseling; Interdisciplinary Studies of Human BehaviorWhile it is often assumed that the mind can only be understood in terms of the brain, this has been to the detriment of psychological science. The dearth of consensus on how to integrate diverse findings in psychological fields highlights this fact. This manuscript presents and explicates the Common Integrative Framework (CIF) as a viable dimensional model for the representation of all subjective, phenomenal states of consciousness, as well as the basis for a unified framework of general psychology. First we present the history of similar models before systematically laying out the relevant components and structural sections of the CIF: The four dimensions (executive-cognitive functioning [X], phenomenological intensity [Y], affective valence [Z], and sense of self [SoS]) as well as the quadrants and interquadrant regions of the vector space. The framework’s presentation incorporates a transdiagnostic analysis of psychopathologies, as well as a phenomenological characterization of the major classes of psychoactive substances. A preliminary experience-sampling study yielded a dataset of experiences (n = 204), which were analyzed with a multitude of statistical and visualization methodologies including scatter and contour plots, heatmaps, and multiple OLS linear regression models. Results found that the configuration of experiences aligned with the predicted structures; demonstrated the utility of distinguishing groups, individuals, and concepts on the basis of characterizing subjective experience; and the predictive diagnostic capabilities of the applied framework when paired with demographic information. The preliminary findings of the study and literature review together support the CIF as a valuable tool that provides context for both the design and interpretation of a wide range of psychological research, warranting future studies.Item Predictors of Perceptions of Aging in Young Adults: An Exploratory Study(2019) Sadat, Hawa; MacDougall, Elizabeth; Lilly, Flavius; Graves, Diane; Psychology and Counseling; Interdisciplinary Studies in Human BehaviorThis study investigated whether religious affiliation and level of religiosity affect perceptions of aging among Millennials. I predicted that religiously-affiliated Millennials would have more positive views of aging than religiously-unaffiliated Millennials and that level of religiosity among religiously-affiliated Millennials would be positively related to perceptions of aging. A sample of 197 Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Atheist, and Agnostic Millennial participants completed questionnaires assessing their perceptions of aging and level of religiosity. Those who reported a religious affiliation had more positive perceptions of socio-emotional domains of aging than those who were religiously unaffiliated. Among the religiously affiliated subgroup, level of religiosity also was positively related to perceptions of several socio-emotional aspects of aging. Although no causal connections may be drawn, religious affiliation and religious teachings may promote more positive views of aging among Millennials. As religious decline is a continued phenomenon in the United States and, therefore, may lead to the loss of positive ideas about aging, this study calls for the implementation of programs within educational systems that not only educate individuals on aging but also promote positive ideas.