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    Temporal and Spatial Evolutions of a Large Sunspot Groupand Great Auroral Storms around the Carrington Event in 1859

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    Links to Files
    https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019SW002269
    Permanent Link
    https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002269
    http://hdl.handle.net/11603/16329
    Collections
    • UMBC Faculty Collection
    • UMBC Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute (GPHI)
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    Author/Creator
    Hayakawa, Hisashi
    Ebihara, Yusuke
    Willis, David M.
    Toriumi, Shin
    Iju, Tomoya
    Hattori, Kentaro
    Wild, Matthew N.
    Oliveira, Denny M.
    Ermolli, Ilaria
    Ribeiro, José R.
    Correia, Ana P.
    Ribeiro, Ana I.
    Knipp, Delores J.
    Date
    2019-08-29
    Type of Work
    33 pages
    Text
    journal articles
    Citation of Original Publication
    Hayakawa, Hisashi; Ebihara, Yusuke; Willis, David M.; Toriumi, Shin; Iju, Tomoya; Hattori, Kentaro; Wild, Matthew N.; Oliveira, Denny M.; Ermolli, Ilaria; Ribeiro, José R.; Correia, Ana P.; Ribeiro, Ana I.; Knipp, Delores J.; Temporal and Spatial Evolutions of a Large Sunspot Groupand Great Auroral Storms around the Carrington Event in 1859; American Geophysical Union (2019); https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002269
    Rights
    This item is likely protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Copyright Law. Unless on a Creative Commons license, for uses protected by Copyright Law, contact the copyright holder or the author.
    ©2019 American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Access to this item will begin on 2020-02-29
    Subjects
    sunspot
    aurora
    magnetic storm
    Carrington event
    extreme space weather event
    solar‐terrestrial relationship
    Abstract
    The Carrington event is considered to be one of the most extreme space weather events in observational history within a series of magnetic storms caused by extreme interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) from a large and complex active region (AR) emerged on the solar disk. In this article, we study the temporal and spatial evolutions of the source sunspot active region and visual aurorae, and compare this storm with other extreme space weather events on the basis of their spatial evolution. Sunspot drawings by Schwabe, Secchi, and Carrington describe the position and morphology of the source AR at that time. Visual auroral reports from the Russian Empire, Iberia, Ireland, Oceania, and Japan fill the spatial gap of auroral visibility and revise the time series of auroral visibility in mid to low magnetic latitudes (MLATs). The reconstructed time series is compared with magnetic measurements and shows the correspondence between low to mid latitude aurorae and the phase of magnetic storms. The spatial evolution of the auroral oval is compared with those of other extreme space weather events in 1872, 1909, 1921, and 1989 as well as their storm intensity, and contextualizes the Carrington event, as one of the most extreme space weather events, but likely not unique.


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    Albin O. Kuhn Library & Gallery
    University of Maryland, Baltimore County
    1000 Hilltop Circle
    Baltimore, MD 21250
    www.umbc.edu/scholarworks

    Contact information:
    Email: scholarworks-group@umbc.edu
    Phone: 410-455-3544


    If you wish to submit a copyright complaint or withdrawal request, please email mdsoar-help@umd.edu.