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    Data colonialism through accumulation by dispossession: New metaphors for daily data

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    DataColonialism0263775816633195.pdf (2.031Mb)
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    https://ssrn.com/abstract=2709498
    Permanent Link
    http://hdl.handle.net/11603/7888
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    • UMBC Geography and Environmental Systems Department
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    Author/Creator
    Thatcher, Jim
    O'Sullivan, David
    Mahmoudi, Dillon
    Date
    2015
    Type of Work
    27 pages
    Text
    journal articles
    Citation of Original Publication
    Thatcher, Jim and O'Sullivan, David and Mahmoudi, Dillon, Data Colonialism Through Accumulation by Dispossession: New Metaphors for Daily Data (December 30, 2015). Environment and Planning D, Forthcoming. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2709498
    Rights
    This item may be protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Copyright Law. It is made available by UMBC for non-commercial research and education. For permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the author.
    Subjects
    data colonialism
    big data
    everyday life
    accumulation by dispossession
    commodification
    critical data studies
    Abstract
    In recent years, much has been written on ‘big data’ in both the popular and academic press. After the hubristic declaration of the “end of theory” more nuanced arguments have emerged, suggesting that increasingly pervasive data collection and quantification may have significant implications for the social sciences, even if the social, scientific, political and economic agendas behind big data are less new than they are often portrayed. Compared to the boosterish tone of much of its press, academic critiques of big data have been relatively muted, often focusing on the continued importance of more traditional forms of domain knowledge and expertise. Indeed, many academic responses to big data enthusiastically celebrate the availability of new data sources, and the potential for new insights and perspectives they may enable. Undermining many of these critiques is a lack of attention to the role of technology in society, particularly with respect to the labor process, the continued extension of labor relations into previously private times and places, and the commoditization of more and more aspects of everyday life. In this article, we parse a variety of big data definitions to argue that it is only when individual datums by the million, billion or more, are linked together algorithmically that ‘big data’ emerges as a commodity. Such decisions do not occur in a vacuum but as part of an asymmetric power relationship in which individuals are dispossessed of the data they generate in their day-to-day lives. We argue that the asymmetry of this data capture process is a means of capitalist “accumulation by dispossession” that colonizes and commodifies everyday life in ways previously impossible. Situating the promises of ‘big data’ within the utopian imaginaries of digital frontierism, we suggest processes of data colonialism are actually unfolding behind these utopic promises. Amidst private corporate and academic excitement over new forms of data analysis and visualization, situating big data as a form of capitalist expropriation and dispossession stresses the urgent need for critical, theoretical understandings of data and society.


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    Albin O. Kuhn Library & Gallery
    University of Maryland, Baltimore County
    1000 Hilltop Circle
    Baltimore, MD 21250
    www.umbc.edu/scholarworks

    Contact information:
    Email: scholarworks-group@umbc.edu
    Phone: 410-455-3544


    If you wish to submit a copyright complaint or withdrawal request, please email mdsoar-help@umd.edu.