"If sighted people know, I should be able to know:" Privacy Perceptions of Bystanders with Visual Impairments around Camera-based Technology
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2022-10-21
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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
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Abstract
Camera-based technology can be privacy-invasive, especially
for bystanders who can be captured by the cameras but do
not have direct control or access to the devices. The privacy
threats become even more significant to bystanders with visual impairments (BVI) since they cannot visually discover
the use of cameras nearby and effectively avoid being captured. While some prior research has studied visually impaired people’s privacy concerns as direct users of camerabased assistive technologies, no research has explored their
unique privacy perceptions and needs as bystanders. We conducted an in-depth interview study with 16 visually impaired
participants to understand BVI’s privacy concerns, expectations, and needs in different camera usage scenarios. A
preliminary survey with 90 visually impaired respondents
and 96 sighted controls was conducted to compare BVI and
sighted bystanders’ general attitudes towards cameras and
elicit camera usage scenarios for the interview study. Our
research revealed BVI’s unique privacy challenges and perceptions around cameras, highlighting their needs for privacy
awareness and protection. We summarized design considerations for future privacy-enhancing technologies to fulfill
BVI’s privacy needs.