Analyzing and Comparing Mineral Identification Methods and their Applications

Abstract

Mineral identification is a fundamental aspect of mineralogy. Traditional identification methods involved analyzing physical and observable properties, but more advanced methods, such as petrographic microscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, can be used to measure optical and geochemical characteristics. Thirteen hand samples from Ward’s Laboratory Rock and Mineral Set were observed for physical characteristics (hardness, streak, crystal habit, luster, color, cleavage, and fracture) and scanned in an XRF spectrometer to generate graphs of their elemental composition. Seven thin sections were observed with a petrographic microscope and photographed using a digital camera. The results for each method were combined into a comprehensive dataset of each mineral. Each method provided a distinctive analysis of mineral characteristics and should be used to supplement each other for a more well-rounded dataset. Implementing a combination of these methods into educational settings, such as undergraduate laboratory exercises, would allow students to gain more understanding and experience with optical mineralogy and geochemistry.