Development of FACTS Procedures for Bromine, Chlorine Dioxide, and Iodine in Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

Chlorine has been shown to produce toxic and potentially carcinogenic compounds when used in water and wastewater disinfection. Alternative disinfectants are being investigated for use in water and wastewater. This study describes the research leading to the modification of the FACTS II procedure to give a procedure for determining bromine, chlorine dioxide and iodine, several alternative disinfectants, in aqueous solution. The modified FACTS II procedure obeys Beer's Law through a range of 0-26 mg/L bromine (as Br₂), 0-18.2 mg/L chlorine dioxide (as C10₂), and the FACTS II procedure with dilution obeys Beer's Law through the range of 0-31 mg/L iodine (as 1₂).