Exploring the Effects of Self-Expression Modalities on Positive and Negative Self-Reflection Toward the Design of an Interactive Technology for Emotional Well-Being

Abstract

Stress and anxiety have heightened among graduate students since the pandemic, challenging their emotional well-being and academic success. Psychology advocates for self-expression techniques like expressive writing, creative arts, and dance/movement to promote mental resilience. However, there is limited research on the integration of these modalities within interactive self-reflection technologies. Considering three self-expression forms—written, visual, and physical movement—this research explores how these modalities influence affect regulation during positive and negative self-reflection. Findings suggest that self-reflection was calming, and participants preferred modalities they were more familiar and comfortable with. While written reflections served as a tool for processing emotions to provide relief, the other modalities distracted them from overwhelming emotions or kept them in check. This research contributes to the field of HCI by investigating how and why integrating diverse modalities into interactive affective technologies can support users in emotional regulation and mental well-being.