A Non-Invasive Computational Investigation of the Photodegradation of Vermilion

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Abstract

Mercury sulfide (HgS), the primary component of cinnabar and vermilion, has been used in art as a pigment, a material in Chinese lacquer sculptures, and in other resin pigment inlays. The red color is known to photodegrade in the presence of chlorides, humidity, and light, causing irreparable damage. Such pieces are often recovered from caves, in proximity to chlorine containing minerals. While the method of degradation is known, the role of the chlorine in the degradation mechanism remains unknown.