Hemostatic Nanoparticles Improve Survival Following Blunt Trauma Even after 1 Week Incubation at 50 °C

Abstract

According to the CDC, the leading cause of death for both men and women between the ages of 5 and 44 is traumatic injury. Blood loss is the primary cause of death at acute time points post trauma. Early intervention is critical to save lives, and yet there are no treatments to stop internal bleeding that can be deployed in the field. In this work, we developed hemostatic nanoparticles that are stable at high temperatures (50 °C for 7 days) and are still effective at stopping bleeding and improving survival over the 1 h time period in a rat liver injury model. These particles are exceptionally simple: PLA-based nanospheres functionalized with PEG terminated with variants of the RGD motif. This simple system can be stored at temperatures up to 50 °C and maintain size, shape, and efficacy. The particles lead to a reduction in bleeding and increased acute survival with significance compared to both control particles and saline. Overall, these hemostatic nanoparticles offer an important step toward an immediate intervention in the field to stop bleeding and improve survival.